manager.c

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/*
 * Asterisk -- An open source telephony toolkit.
 *
 * Copyright (C) 1999 - 2006, Digium, Inc.
 *
 * Mark Spencer <markster@digium.com>
 *
 * See http://www.asterisk.org for more information about
 * the Asterisk project. Please do not directly contact
 * any of the maintainers of this project for assistance;
 * the project provides a web site, mailing lists and IRC
 * channels for your use.
 *
 * This program is free software, distributed under the terms of
 * the GNU General Public License Version 2. See the LICENSE file
 * at the top of the source tree.
 */

/*! \file
 *
 * \brief The Asterisk Management Interface - AMI
 *
 * \author Mark Spencer <markster@digium.com>
 *
 * \extref OpenSSL http://www.openssl.org - for AMI/SSL 
 *
 * At the moment this file contains a number of functions, namely:
 *
 * - data structures storing AMI state
 * - AMI-related API functions, used by internal asterisk components
 * - handlers for AMI-related CLI functions
 * - handlers for AMI functions (available through the AMI socket)
 * - the code for the main AMI listener thread and individual session threads
 * - the http handlers invoked for AMI-over-HTTP by the threads in main/http.c
 *
 * \ref amiconf
 */

/*! \addtogroup Group_AMI AMI functions
*/
/*! @{
 Doxygen group */

#include "asterisk.h"

ASTERISK_FILE_VERSION(__FILE__, "$Revision: 323579 $")

#include "asterisk/_private.h"
#include "asterisk/paths.h"   /* use various ast_config_AST_* */
#include <ctype.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>

#include "asterisk/channel.h"
#include "asterisk/file.h"
#include "asterisk/manager.h"
#include "asterisk/module.h"
#include "asterisk/config.h"
#include "asterisk/callerid.h"
#include "asterisk/lock.h"
#include "asterisk/cli.h"
#include "asterisk/app.h"
#include "asterisk/pbx.h"
#include "asterisk/md5.h"
#include "asterisk/acl.h"
#include "asterisk/utils.h"
#include "asterisk/tcptls.h"
#include "asterisk/http.h"
#include "asterisk/ast_version.h"
#include "asterisk/threadstorage.h"
#include "asterisk/linkedlists.h"
#include "asterisk/version.h"
#include "asterisk/term.h"
#include "asterisk/astobj2.h"
#include "asterisk/features.h"

enum error_type {
   UNKNOWN_ACTION = 1,
   UNKNOWN_CATEGORY,
   UNSPECIFIED_CATEGORY,
   UNSPECIFIED_ARGUMENT,
   FAILURE_ALLOCATION,
   FAILURE_NEWCAT,
   FAILURE_DELCAT,
   FAILURE_EMPTYCAT,
   FAILURE_UPDATE,
   FAILURE_DELETE,
   FAILURE_APPEND
};


/*!
 * Linked list of events.
 * Global events are appended to the list by append_event().
 * The usecount is the number of stored pointers to the element,
 * excluding the list pointers. So an element that is only in
 * the list has a usecount of 0, not 1.
 *
 * Clients have a pointer to the last event processed, and for each
 * of these clients we track the usecount of the elements.
 * If we have a pointer to an entry in the list, it is safe to navigate
 * it forward because elements will not be deleted, but only appended.
 * The worst that can happen is seeing the pointer still NULL.
 *
 * When the usecount of an element drops to 0, and the element is the
 * first in the list, we can remove it. Removal is done within the
 * main thread, which is woken up for the purpose.
 *
 * For simplicity of implementation, we make sure the list is never empty.
 */
struct eventqent {
   int usecount;     /*!< # of clients who still need the event */
   int category;
   unsigned int seq; /*!< sequence number */
   struct timeval tv;  /*!< When event was allocated */
   AST_RWLIST_ENTRY(eventqent) eq_next;
   char eventdata[1];   /*!< really variable size, allocated by append_event() */
};

static AST_RWLIST_HEAD_STATIC(all_events, eventqent);

static const int DEFAULT_ENABLED       = 0;  /*!< Default setting for manager to be enabled */
static const int DEFAULT_WEBENABLED       = 0;  /*!< Default setting for the web interface to be enabled */
static const int DEFAULT_BLOCKSOCKETS     = 0;  /*!< Default setting for block-sockets */
static const int DEFAULT_DISPLAYCONNECTS  = 1;  /*!< Default setting for displaying manager connections */
static const int DEFAULT_TIMESTAMPEVENTS  = 0;  /*!< Default setting for timestampevents */  
static const int DEFAULT_HTTPTIMEOUT      = 60; /*!< Default manager http timeout */
static const int DEFAULT_BROKENEVENTSACTION  = 0;  /*!< Default setting for brokeneventsaction */
static const int DEFAULT_AUTHTIMEOUT      = 30; /*!< Default setting for authtimeout */
static const int DEFAULT_AUTHLIMIT     = 50; /*!< Default setting for authlimit */

static int displayconnects;
static int allowmultiplelogin = 1;
static int timestampevents;
static int httptimeout;
static int broken_events_action;
static int manager_enabled = 0;
static int webmanager_enabled = 0;
static int authtimeout;
static int authlimit;

static int block_sockets;
static int num_sessions;
static int unauth_sessions = 0;

static int manager_debug;  /*!< enable some debugging code in the manager */

/*! \brief
 * Descriptor for a manager session, either on the AMI socket or over HTTP.
 *
 * \note
 * AMI session have managerid == 0; the entry is created upon a connect,
 * and destroyed with the socket.
 * HTTP sessions have managerid != 0, the value is used as a search key
 * to lookup sessions (using the mansession_id cookie).
 */
#define MAX_BLACKLIST_CMD_LEN 2
static struct {
   char *words[AST_MAX_CMD_LEN];
} command_blacklist[] = {
   {{ "module", "load", NULL }},
   {{ "module", "unload", NULL }},
   {{ "restart", "gracefully", NULL }},
};

/* In order to understand what the heck is going on with the
 * mansession_session and mansession structs, we need to have a bit of a history
 * lesson.
 *
 * In the beginning, there was the mansession. The mansession contained data that was
 * intrinsic to a manager session, such as the time that it started, the name of the logged-in
 * user, etc. In addition to these parameters were the f and fd parameters. For typical manager
 * sessions, these were used to represent the TCP socket over which the AMI session was taking
 * place. It makes perfect sense for these fields to be a part of the session-specific data since
 * the session actually defines this information.
 *
 * Then came the HTTP AMI sessions. With these, the f and fd fields need to be opened and closed
 * for every single action that occurs. Thus the f and fd fields aren't really specific to the session
 * but rather to the action that is being executed. Because a single session may execute many commands
 * at once, some sort of safety needed to be added in order to be sure that we did not end up with fd
 * leaks from one action overwriting the f and fd fields used by a previous action before the previous action
 * has had a chance to properly close its handles.
 *
 * The initial idea to solve this was to use thread synchronization, but this prevented multiple actions
 * from being run at the same time in a single session. Some manager actions may block for a long time, thus
 * creating a large queue of actions to execute. In addition, this fix did not address the basic architectural
 * issue that for HTTP manager sessions, the f and fd variables are not really a part of the session, but are
 * part of the action instead.
 *
 * The new idea was to create a structure on the stack for each HTTP Manager action. This structure would
 * contain the action-specific information, such as which file to write to. In order to maintain expectations
 * of action handlers and not have to change the public API of the manager code, we would need to name this
 * new stacked structure 'mansession' and contain within it the old mansession struct that we used to use.
 * We renamed the old mansession struct 'mansession_session' to hopefully convey that what is in this structure
 * is session-specific data. The structure that it is wrapped in, called a 'mansession' really contains action-specific
 * data.
 */
struct mansession_session {
   ast_mutex_t __lock;  /*!< Thread lock -- don't use in action callbacks, it's already taken care of  */
            /* XXX need to document which fields it is protecting */
   struct sockaddr_in sin; /*!< address we are connecting from */
   FILE *f;    /*!< fdopen() on the underlying fd */
   int fd;        /*!< descriptor used for output. Either the socket (AMI) or a temporary file (HTTP) */
   int inuse;     /*!< number of HTTP sessions using this entry */
   int needdestroy;  /*!< Whether an HTTP session should be destroyed */
   pthread_t waiting_thread;  /*!< Sleeping thread using this descriptor */
   uint32_t managerid;  /*!< Unique manager identifier, 0 for AMI sessions */
   time_t sessionstart;    /*!< Session start time */
   time_t sessiontimeout;  /*!< Session timeout if HTTP */
   char username[80];   /*!< Logged in username */
   char challenge[10];  /*!< Authentication challenge */
   int authenticated;   /*!< Authentication status */
   int readperm;     /*!< Authorization for reading */
   int writeperm;    /*!< Authorization for writing */
   char inbuf[1025]; /*!< Buffer */
            /* we use the extra byte to add a '\0' and simplify parsing */
   int inlen;     /*!< number of buffered bytes */
   int send_events;  /*!<  XXX what ? */
   struct eventqent *last_ev; /*!< last event processed. */
   int writetimeout; /*!< Timeout for ast_carefulwrite() */
   time_t authstart;
   int pending_event;         /*!< Pending events indicator in case when waiting_thread is NULL */
   AST_LIST_HEAD_NOLOCK(mansession_datastores, ast_datastore) datastores; /*!< Data stores on the session */
   AST_LIST_ENTRY(mansession_session) list;
};

/* In case you didn't read that giant block of text above the mansession_session struct, the
 * 'mansession' struct is named this solely to keep the API the same in Asterisk. This structure really
 * represents data that is different from Manager action to Manager action. The mansession_session pointer
 * contained within points to session-specific data.
 */
struct mansession {
   struct mansession_session *session;
   FILE *f;
   int fd;
   int write_error:1;
};

static AST_LIST_HEAD_STATIC(sessions, mansession_session);

/*! \brief user descriptor, as read from the config file.
 *
 * \note It is still missing some fields -- e.g. we can have multiple permit and deny
 * lines which are not supported here, and readperm/writeperm/writetimeout
 * are not stored.
 */
struct ast_manager_user {
   char username[80];
   char *secret;
   struct ast_ha *ha;      /*!< ACL setting */
   int readperm;        /*! Authorization for reading */
   int writeperm;       /*! Authorization for writing */
   int writetimeout;    /*! Per user Timeout for ast_carefulwrite() */
   int displayconnects; /*!< XXX unused */
   int keep;   /*!< mark entries created on a reload */
   AST_RWLIST_ENTRY(ast_manager_user) list;
};

/*! \brief list of users found in the config file */
static AST_RWLIST_HEAD_STATIC(users, ast_manager_user);

/*! \brief list of actions registered */
static AST_RWLIST_HEAD_STATIC(actions, manager_action);

/*! \brief list of hooks registered */
static AST_RWLIST_HEAD_STATIC(manager_hooks, manager_custom_hook);

/*! \brief Add a custom hook to be called when an event is fired */
void ast_manager_register_hook(struct manager_custom_hook *hook)
{
   AST_RWLIST_WRLOCK(&manager_hooks);
   AST_RWLIST_INSERT_TAIL(&manager_hooks, hook, list);
   AST_RWLIST_UNLOCK(&manager_hooks);
   return;
}

/*! \brief Delete a custom hook to be called when an event is fired */
void ast_manager_unregister_hook(struct manager_custom_hook *hook)
{
   AST_RWLIST_WRLOCK(&manager_hooks);
   AST_RWLIST_REMOVE(&manager_hooks, hook, list);
   AST_RWLIST_UNLOCK(&manager_hooks);
   return;
}

/*! \brief
 * Event list management functions.
 * We assume that the event list always has at least one element,
 * and the delete code will not remove the last entry even if the
 * 
 */
#if 0
static time_t __deb(time_t start, const char *msg)
{
   time_t now = time(NULL);
   ast_verbose("%4d th %p %s\n", (int)(now % 3600), pthread_self(), msg);
   if (start != 0 && now - start > 5)
      ast_verbose("+++ WOW, %s took %d seconds\n", msg, (int)(now - start));
   return now;
}

static void LOCK_EVENTS(void)
{
   time_t start = __deb(0, "about to lock events");
   AST_LIST_LOCK(&all_events);
   __deb(start, "done lock events");
}

static void UNLOCK_EVENTS(void)
{
   __deb(0, "about to unlock events");
   AST_LIST_UNLOCK(&all_events);
}

static void LOCK_SESS(void)
{
   time_t start = __deb(0, "about to lock sessions");
   AST_LIST_LOCK(&sessions);
   __deb(start, "done lock sessions");
}

static void UNLOCK_SESS(void)
{
   __deb(0, "about to unlock sessions");
   AST_LIST_UNLOCK(&sessions);
}
#endif

int check_manager_enabled()
{
   return manager_enabled;
}

int check_webmanager_enabled()
{
   return (webmanager_enabled && manager_enabled);
}

/*!
 * Grab a reference to the last event, update usecount as needed.
 * Can handle a NULL pointer.
 */
static struct eventqent *grab_last(void)
{
   struct eventqent *ret;

   AST_RWLIST_RDLOCK(&all_events);
   ret = AST_RWLIST_LAST(&all_events);
   /* the list is never empty now, but may become so when
    * we optimize it in the future, so be prepared.
    */
   if (ret) {
      ast_atomic_fetchadd_int(&ret->usecount, 1);
   }
   AST_RWLIST_UNLOCK(&all_events);
   return ret;
}

/*!
 * Purge unused events. Remove elements from the head
 * as long as their usecount is 0 and there is a next element.
 */
static void purge_events(void)
{
   struct eventqent *ev;
   struct timeval now = ast_tvnow();

   AST_RWLIST_WRLOCK(&all_events);
   while ( (ev = AST_RWLIST_FIRST(&all_events)) &&
       ev->usecount == 0 && AST_RWLIST_NEXT(ev, eq_next)) {
      AST_RWLIST_REMOVE_HEAD(&all_events, eq_next);
      ast_free(ev);
   }

   AST_RWLIST_TRAVERSE_SAFE_BEGIN(&all_events, ev, eq_next) {
      /* Never release the last event */
      if (!AST_RWLIST_NEXT(ev, eq_next)) {
         break;
      }

      /* 2.5 times whatever the HTTP timeout is (maximum 2.5 hours) is the maximum time that we will definitely cache an event */
      if (ev->usecount == 0 && ast_tvdiff_sec(now, ev->tv) > (httptimeout > 3600 ? 3600 : httptimeout) * 2.5) {
         AST_RWLIST_REMOVE_CURRENT(eq_next);
         ast_free(ev);
      }
   }
   AST_RWLIST_TRAVERSE_SAFE_END;
   AST_RWLIST_UNLOCK(&all_events);
}

/*!
 * helper functions to convert back and forth between
 * string and numeric representation of set of flags
 */
static struct permalias {
   int num;
   char *label;
} perms[] = {
   { EVENT_FLAG_SYSTEM, "system" },
   { EVENT_FLAG_CALL, "call" },
   { EVENT_FLAG_LOG, "log" },
   { EVENT_FLAG_VERBOSE, "verbose" },
   { EVENT_FLAG_COMMAND, "command" },
   { EVENT_FLAG_AGENT, "agent" },
   { EVENT_FLAG_USER, "user" },
   { EVENT_FLAG_CONFIG, "config" },
   { EVENT_FLAG_DTMF, "dtmf" },
   { EVENT_FLAG_REPORTING, "reporting" },
   { EVENT_FLAG_CDR, "cdr" },
   { EVENT_FLAG_DIALPLAN, "dialplan" },
   { EVENT_FLAG_ORIGINATE, "originate" },
   { EVENT_FLAG_AGI, "agi" },
   { INT_MAX, "all" },
   { 0, "none" },
};

/*! \brief Convert authority code to a list of options */
static char *authority_to_str(int authority, struct ast_str **res)
{
   int i;
   char *sep = "";

   ast_str_reset(*res);
   for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_LEN(perms) - 1; i++) {
      if (authority & perms[i].num) {
         ast_str_append(res, 0, "%s%s", sep, perms[i].label);
         sep = ",";
      }
   }

   if (ast_str_strlen(*res) == 0)   /* replace empty string with something sensible */
      ast_str_append(res, 0, "<none>");

   return ast_str_buffer(*res);
}

/*! Tells you if smallstr exists inside bigstr
   which is delim by delim and uses no buf or stringsep
   ast_instring("this|that|more","this",'|') == 1;

   feel free to move this to app.c -anthm */
static int ast_instring(const char *bigstr, const char *smallstr, const char delim)
{
   const char *val = bigstr, *next;

   do {
      if ((next = strchr(val, delim))) {
         if (!strncmp(val, smallstr, (next - val)))
            return 1;
         else
            continue;
      } else
         return !strcmp(smallstr, val);
   } while (*(val = (next + 1)));

   return 0;
}

static int get_perm(const char *instr)
{
   int x = 0, ret = 0;

   if (!instr)
      return 0;

   for (x = 0; x < ARRAY_LEN(perms); x++) {
      if (ast_instring(instr, perms[x].label, ','))
         ret |= perms[x].num;
   }

   return ret;
}

/*!
 * A number returns itself, false returns 0, true returns all flags,
 * other strings return the flags that are set.
 */
static int strings_to_mask(const char *string)
{
   const char *p;

   if (ast_strlen_zero(string))
      return -1;

   for (p = string; *p; p++)
      if (*p < '0' || *p > '9')
         break;
   if (!*p) /* all digits */
      return atoi(string);
   if (ast_false(string))
      return 0;
   if (ast_true(string)) { /* all permissions */
      int x, ret = 0;
      for (x = 0; x < ARRAY_LEN(perms); x++)
         ret |= perms[x].num;
      return ret;
   }
   return get_perm(string);
}

static int check_manager_session_inuse(const char *name)
{
   struct mansession_session *session = NULL;

   AST_LIST_LOCK(&sessions);
   AST_LIST_TRAVERSE(&sessions, session, list) {
      if (!strcasecmp(session->username, name)) 
         break;
   }
   AST_LIST_UNLOCK(&sessions);

   return session ? 1 : 0;
}


/*!
 * lookup an entry in the list of registered users.
 * must be called with the list lock held.
 */
static struct ast_manager_user *get_manager_by_name_locked(const char *name)
{
   struct ast_manager_user *user = NULL;

   AST_RWLIST_TRAVERSE(&users, user, list)
      if (!strcasecmp(user->username, name))
         break;
   return user;
}

/*! \brief Get displayconnects config option.
 *  \param session manager session to get parameter from.
 *  \return displayconnects config option value.
 */
static int manager_displayconnects (struct mansession_session *session)
{
   struct ast_manager_user *user = NULL;
   int ret = 0;

   AST_RWLIST_RDLOCK(&users);
   if ((user = get_manager_by_name_locked (session->username)))
      ret = user->displayconnects;
   AST_RWLIST_UNLOCK(&users);
   
   return ret;
}

static char *handle_showmancmd(struct ast_cli_entry *e, int cmd, struct ast_cli_args *a)
{
   struct manager_action *cur;
   struct ast_str *authority;
   int num, l, which;
   char *ret = NULL;
   switch (cmd) {
   case CLI_INIT:
      e->command = "manager show command";
      e->usage = 
         "Usage: manager show command <actionname> [<actionname> [<actionname> [...]]]\n"
         "  Shows the detailed description for a specific Asterisk manager interface command.\n";
      return NULL;
   case CLI_GENERATE:
      l = strlen(a->word);
      which = 0;
      AST_RWLIST_RDLOCK(&actions);
      AST_RWLIST_TRAVERSE(&actions, cur, list) {
         if (!strncasecmp(a->word, cur->action, l) && ++which > a->n) {
            ret = ast_strdup(cur->action);
            break;   /* make sure we exit even if ast_strdup() returns NULL */
         }
      }
      AST_RWLIST_UNLOCK(&actions);
      return ret;
   }
   authority = ast_str_alloca(80);
   if (a->argc < 4) {
      return CLI_SHOWUSAGE;
   }

   AST_RWLIST_RDLOCK(&actions);
   AST_RWLIST_TRAVERSE(&actions, cur, list) {
      for (num = 3; num < a->argc; num++) {
         if (!strcasecmp(cur->action, a->argv[num])) {
            ast_cli(a->fd, "Action: %s\nSynopsis: %s\nPrivilege: %s\n%s\n",
               cur->action, cur->synopsis,
               authority_to_str(cur->authority, &authority),
               S_OR(cur->description, ""));
         }
      }
   }
   AST_RWLIST_UNLOCK(&actions);

   return CLI_SUCCESS;
}

static char *handle_mandebug(struct ast_cli_entry *e, int cmd, struct ast_cli_args *a)
{
   switch (cmd) {
   case CLI_INIT:
      e->command = "manager set debug [on|off]";
      e->usage = "Usage: manager set debug [on|off]\n Show, enable, disable debugging of the manager code.\n";
      return NULL;
   case CLI_GENERATE:
      return NULL;   
   }
   if (a->argc == 3)
      ast_cli(a->fd, "manager debug is %s\n", manager_debug? "on" : "off");
   else if (a->argc == 4) {
      if (!strcasecmp(a->argv[3], "on"))
         manager_debug = 1;
      else if (!strcasecmp(a->argv[3], "off"))
         manager_debug = 0;
      else
         return CLI_SHOWUSAGE;
   }
   return CLI_SUCCESS;
}

static char *handle_showmanager(struct ast_cli_entry *e, int cmd, struct ast_cli_args *a)
{
   struct ast_manager_user *user = NULL;
   int l, which;
   char *ret = NULL;
   struct ast_str *rauthority = ast_str_alloca(128);
   struct ast_str *wauthority = ast_str_alloca(128);

   switch (cmd) {
   case CLI_INIT:
      e->command = "manager show user";
      e->usage = 
         " Usage: manager show user <user>\n"
         "        Display all information related to the manager user specified.\n";
      return NULL;
   case CLI_GENERATE:
      l = strlen(a->word);
      which = 0;
      if (a->pos != 3)
         return NULL;
      AST_RWLIST_RDLOCK(&users);
      AST_RWLIST_TRAVERSE(&users, user, list) {
         if ( !strncasecmp(a->word, user->username, l) && ++which > a->n ) {
            ret = ast_strdup(user->username);
            break;
         }
      }
      AST_RWLIST_UNLOCK(&users);
      return ret;
   }

   if (a->argc != 4)
      return CLI_SHOWUSAGE;

   AST_RWLIST_RDLOCK(&users);

   if (!(user = get_manager_by_name_locked(a->argv[3]))) {
      ast_cli(a->fd, "There is no manager called %s\n", a->argv[3]);
      AST_RWLIST_UNLOCK(&users);
      return CLI_SUCCESS;
   }

   ast_cli(a->fd, "\n");
   ast_cli(a->fd,
      "       username: %s\n"
      "         secret: %s\n"
      "            acl: %s\n"
      "      read perm: %s\n"
      "     write perm: %s\n"
      "displayconnects: %s\n",
      (user->username ? user->username : "(N/A)"),
      (user->secret ? "<Set>" : "(N/A)"),
      (user->ha ? "yes" : "no"),
      authority_to_str(user->readperm, &rauthority),
      authority_to_str(user->writeperm, &wauthority),
      (user->displayconnects ? "yes" : "no"));

   AST_RWLIST_UNLOCK(&users);

   return CLI_SUCCESS;
}


static char *handle_showmanagers(struct ast_cli_entry *e, int cmd, struct ast_cli_args *a)
{
   struct ast_manager_user *user = NULL;
   int count_amu = 0;
   switch (cmd) {
   case CLI_INIT:
      e->command = "manager show users";
      e->usage = 
         "Usage: manager show users\n"
         "       Prints a listing of all managers that are currently configured on that\n"
         " system.\n";
      return NULL;
   case CLI_GENERATE:
      return NULL;
   }
   if (a->argc != 3)
      return CLI_SHOWUSAGE;

   AST_RWLIST_RDLOCK(&users);

   /* If there are no users, print out something along those lines */
   if (AST_RWLIST_EMPTY(&users)) {
      ast_cli(a->fd, "There are no manager users.\n");
      AST_RWLIST_UNLOCK(&users);
      return CLI_SUCCESS;
   }

   ast_cli(a->fd, "\nusername\n--------\n");

   AST_RWLIST_TRAVERSE(&users, user, list) {
      ast_cli(a->fd, "%s\n", user->username);
      count_amu++;
   }

   AST_RWLIST_UNLOCK(&users);

   ast_cli(a->fd, "-------------------\n");
   ast_cli(a->fd, "%d manager users configured.\n", count_amu);

   return CLI_SUCCESS;
}


/*! \brief  CLI command  manager list commands */
static char *handle_showmancmds(struct ast_cli_entry *e, int cmd, struct ast_cli_args *a)
{
   struct manager_action *cur;
   struct ast_str *authority;
#define HSMC_FORMAT "  %-15.15s  %-15.15s  %-55.55s\n"
   switch (cmd) {
   case CLI_INIT:
      e->command = "manager show commands";
      e->usage = 
         "Usage: manager show commands\n"
         "  Prints a listing of all the available Asterisk manager interface commands.\n";
      return NULL;
   case CLI_GENERATE:
      return NULL;   
   }  
   authority = ast_str_alloca(80);
   ast_cli(a->fd, HSMC_FORMAT, "Action", "Privilege", "Synopsis");
   ast_cli(a->fd, HSMC_FORMAT, "------", "---------", "--------");

   AST_RWLIST_RDLOCK(&actions);
   AST_RWLIST_TRAVERSE(&actions, cur, list)
      ast_cli(a->fd, HSMC_FORMAT, cur->action, authority_to_str(cur->authority, &authority), cur->synopsis);
   AST_RWLIST_UNLOCK(&actions);

   return CLI_SUCCESS;
}

/*! \brief CLI command manager list connected */
static char *handle_showmanconn(struct ast_cli_entry *e, int cmd, struct ast_cli_args *a)
{
   struct mansession_session *session;
   time_t now = time(NULL);
#define HSMCONN_FORMAT1 "  %-15.15s  %-15.15s  %-10.10s  %-10.10s  %-8.8s  %-8.8s  %-5.5s  %-5.5s\n"
#define HSMCONN_FORMAT2 "  %-15.15s  %-15.15s  %-10d  %-10d  %-8d  %-8d  %-5.5d  %-5.5d\n"
   int count = 0;
   switch (cmd) {
   case CLI_INIT:
      e->command = "manager show connected";
      e->usage = 
         "Usage: manager show connected\n"
         "  Prints a listing of the users that are currently connected to the\n"
         "Asterisk manager interface.\n";
      return NULL;
   case CLI_GENERATE:
      return NULL;   
   }

   ast_cli(a->fd, HSMCONN_FORMAT1, "Username", "IP Address", "Start", "Elapsed", "FileDes", "HttpCnt", "Read", "Write");

   AST_LIST_LOCK(&sessions);
   AST_LIST_TRAVERSE(&sessions, session, list) {
      ast_cli(a->fd, HSMCONN_FORMAT2, session->username, ast_inet_ntoa(session->sin.sin_addr), (int)(session->sessionstart), (int)(now - session->sessionstart), session->fd, session->inuse, session->readperm, session->writeperm);
      count++;
   }
   AST_LIST_UNLOCK(&sessions);

   ast_cli(a->fd, "%d users connected.\n", count);

   return CLI_SUCCESS;
}

/*! \brief CLI command manager list eventq */
/* Should change to "manager show connected" */
static char *handle_showmaneventq(struct ast_cli_entry *e, int cmd, struct ast_cli_args *a)
{
   struct eventqent *s;
   switch (cmd) {
   case CLI_INIT:
      e->command = "manager show eventq";
      e->usage = 
         "Usage: manager show eventq\n"
         "  Prints a listing of all events pending in the Asterisk manger\n"
         "event queue.\n";
      return NULL;
   case CLI_GENERATE:
      return NULL;
   }
   AST_RWLIST_RDLOCK(&all_events);
   AST_RWLIST_TRAVERSE(&all_events, s, eq_next) {
      ast_cli(a->fd, "Usecount: %d\n", s->usecount);
      ast_cli(a->fd, "Category: %d\n", s->category);
      ast_cli(a->fd, "Event:\n%s", s->eventdata);
   }
   AST_RWLIST_UNLOCK(&all_events);

   return CLI_SUCCESS;
}

/*! \brief CLI command manager reload */
static char *handle_manager_reload(struct ast_cli_entry *e, int cmd, struct ast_cli_args *a)
{
   switch (cmd) {
   case CLI_INIT:
      e->command = "manager reload";
      e->usage =
         "Usage: manager reload\n"
         "       Reloads the manager configuration.\n";
      return NULL;
   case CLI_GENERATE:
      return NULL;
   }
   if (a->argc > 2)
      return CLI_SHOWUSAGE;
   reload_manager();
   return CLI_SUCCESS;
}


static struct ast_cli_entry cli_manager[] = {
   AST_CLI_DEFINE(handle_showmancmd, "Show a manager interface command"),
   AST_CLI_DEFINE(handle_showmancmds, "List manager interface commands"),
   AST_CLI_DEFINE(handle_showmanconn, "List connected manager interface users"),
   AST_CLI_DEFINE(handle_showmaneventq, "List manager interface queued events"),
   AST_CLI_DEFINE(handle_showmanagers, "List configured manager users"),
   AST_CLI_DEFINE(handle_showmanager, "Display information on a specific manager user"),
   AST_CLI_DEFINE(handle_mandebug, "Show, enable, disable debugging of the manager code"),
   AST_CLI_DEFINE(handle_manager_reload, "Reload manager configurations"),
};

static struct eventqent *advance_event(struct eventqent *e)
{
   struct eventqent *next;

   AST_RWLIST_RDLOCK(&all_events);
   if ((next = AST_RWLIST_NEXT(e, eq_next))) {
      ast_atomic_fetchadd_int(&next->usecount, 1);
      ast_atomic_fetchadd_int(&e->usecount, -1);
   }
   AST_RWLIST_UNLOCK(&all_events);
   return next;
}

/*
 * destroy a session, leaving the usecount
 */
static void free_session(struct mansession_session *session)
{
   struct eventqent *eqe = session->last_ev;
   struct ast_datastore *datastore;

   /* Get rid of each of the data stores on the session */
   while ((datastore = AST_LIST_REMOVE_HEAD(&session->datastores, entry))) {
      /* Free the data store */
      ast_datastore_free(datastore);
   }

   if (session->f != NULL)
      fclose(session->f);
   ast_mutex_destroy(&session->__lock);
   ast_free(session);
   if (eqe) {
      ast_atomic_fetchadd_int(&eqe->usecount, -1);
   }
}

static void destroy_session(struct mansession_session *session)
{
   AST_LIST_LOCK(&sessions);
   AST_LIST_REMOVE(&sessions, session, list);
   ast_atomic_fetchadd_int(&num_sessions, -1);
   free_session(session);
   AST_LIST_UNLOCK(&sessions);
}

/*
 * Generic function to return either the first or the last matching header
 * from a list of variables, possibly skipping empty strings.
 * At the moment there is only one use of this function in this file,
 * so we make it static.
 */
#define  GET_HEADER_FIRST_MATCH  0
#define  GET_HEADER_LAST_MATCH   1
#define  GET_HEADER_SKIP_EMPTY   2
static const char *__astman_get_header(const struct message *m, char *var, int mode)
{
   int x, l = strlen(var);
   const char *result = "";

   for (x = 0; x < m->hdrcount; x++) {
      const char *h = m->headers[x];
      if (!strncasecmp(var, h, l) && h[l] == ':' && h[l+1] == ' ') {
         const char *value = h + l + 2;
         /* found a potential candidate */
         if (mode & GET_HEADER_SKIP_EMPTY && ast_strlen_zero(value))
            continue;   /* not interesting */
         if (mode & GET_HEADER_LAST_MATCH)
            result = value;   /* record the last match so far */
         else
            return value;
      }
   }

   return "";
}

/*
 * Return the first matching variable from an array.
 * This is the legacy function and is implemented in therms of
 * __astman_get_header().
 */
const char *astman_get_header(const struct message *m, char *var)
{
   return __astman_get_header(m, var, GET_HEADER_FIRST_MATCH);
}


struct ast_variable *astman_get_variables(const struct message *m)
{
   int varlen, x, y;
   struct ast_variable *head = NULL, *cur;

   AST_DECLARE_APP_ARGS(args,
      AST_APP_ARG(vars)[32];
   );

   varlen = strlen("Variable: ");

   for (x = 0; x < m->hdrcount; x++) {
      char *parse, *var, *val;

      if (strncasecmp("Variable: ", m->headers[x], varlen))
         continue;
      parse = ast_strdupa(m->headers[x] + varlen);

      AST_STANDARD_APP_ARGS(args, parse);
      if (!args.argc)
         continue;
      for (y = 0; y < args.argc; y++) {
         if (!args.vars[y])
            continue;
         var = val = ast_strdupa(args.vars[y]);
         strsep(&val, "=");
         if (!val || ast_strlen_zero(var))
            continue;
         cur = ast_variable_new(var, val, "");
         cur->next = head;
         head = cur;
      }
   }

   return head;
}

/*!
 * helper function to send a string to the socket.
 * Return -1 on error (e.g. buffer full).
 */
static int send_string(struct mansession *s, char *string)
{
   int res;
   FILE *f = s->f ? s->f : s->session->f;
   int fd = s->f ? s->fd : s->session->fd;

   if ((res = ast_careful_fwrite(f, fd, string, strlen(string), s->session->writetimeout))) {
      s->write_error = 1;
   }

   return res;
}

/*!
 * \brief thread local buffer for astman_append
 *
 * \note This can not be defined within the astman_append() function
 *       because it declares a couple of functions that get used to
 *       initialize the thread local storage key.
 */
AST_THREADSTORAGE(astman_append_buf);
AST_THREADSTORAGE(userevent_buf);

/*! \brief initial allocated size for the astman_append_buf */
#define ASTMAN_APPEND_BUF_INITSIZE   256

/*!
 * utility functions for creating AMI replies
 */
void astman_append(struct mansession *s, const char *fmt, ...)
{
   va_list ap;
   struct ast_str *buf;

   if (!(buf = ast_str_thread_get(&astman_append_buf, ASTMAN_APPEND_BUF_INITSIZE)))
      return;

   va_start(ap, fmt);
   ast_str_set_va(&buf, 0, fmt, ap);
   va_end(ap);

   if (s->f != NULL || s->session->f != NULL) {
      send_string(s, ast_str_buffer(buf));
   } else {
      ast_verbose("fd == -1 in astman_append, should not happen\n");
   }
}

/*! \note NOTE: XXX this comment is unclear and possibly wrong.
   Callers of astman_send_error(), astman_send_response() or astman_send_ack() must EITHER
   hold the session lock _or_ be running in an action callback (in which case s->session->busy will
   be non-zero). In either of these cases, there is no need to lock-protect the session's
   fd, since no other output will be sent (events will be queued), and no input will
   be read until either the current action finishes or get_input() obtains the session
   lock.
 */

/*! \brief send a response with an optional message,
 * and terminate it with an empty line.
 * m is used only to grab the 'ActionID' field.
 *
 * Use the explicit constant MSG_MOREDATA to remove the empty line.
 * XXX MSG_MOREDATA should go to a header file.
 */
#define MSG_MOREDATA ((char *)astman_send_response)
static void astman_send_response_full(struct mansession *s, const struct message *m, char *resp, char *msg, char *listflag)
{
   const char *id = astman_get_header(m, "ActionID");

   astman_append(s, "Response: %s\r\n", resp);
   if (!ast_strlen_zero(id))
      astman_append(s, "ActionID: %s\r\n", id);
   if (listflag)
      astman_append(s, "EventList: %s\r\n", listflag);   /* Start, complete, cancelled */
   if (msg == MSG_MOREDATA)
      return;
   else if (msg)
      astman_append(s, "Message: %s\r\n\r\n", msg);
   else
      astman_append(s, "\r\n");
}

void astman_send_response(struct mansession *s, const struct message *m, char *resp, char *msg)
{
   astman_send_response_full(s, m, resp, msg, NULL);
}

void astman_send_error(struct mansession *s, const struct message *m, char *error)
{
   astman_send_response_full(s, m, "Error", error, NULL);
}

void astman_send_ack(struct mansession *s, const struct message *m, char *msg)
{
   astman_send_response_full(s, m, "Success", msg, NULL);
}

static void astman_start_ack(struct mansession *s, const struct message *m)
{
   astman_send_response_full(s, m, "Success", MSG_MOREDATA, NULL);
}

void astman_send_listack(struct mansession *s, const struct message *m, char *msg, char *listflag)
{
   astman_send_response_full(s, m, "Success", msg, listflag);
}


/*! \brief
   Rather than braindead on,off this now can also accept a specific int mask value
   or a ',' delim list of mask strings (the same as manager.conf) -anthm
*/
static int set_eventmask(struct mansession *s, const char *eventmask)
{
   int maskint = strings_to_mask(eventmask);

   ast_mutex_lock(&s->session->__lock);
   if (maskint >= 0)
      s->session->send_events = maskint;
   ast_mutex_unlock(&s->session->__lock);

   return maskint;
}

/*
 * Here we start with action_ handlers for AMI actions,
 * and the internal functions used by them.
 * Generally, the handlers are called action_foo()
 */

/* helper function for action_login() */
static int authenticate(struct mansession *s, const struct message *m)
{
   const char *username = astman_get_header(m, "Username");
   const char *password = astman_get_header(m, "Secret");
   int error = -1;
   struct ast_manager_user *user = NULL;

   if (ast_strlen_zero(username))   /* missing username */
      return -1;

   /* locate user in locked state */
   AST_RWLIST_WRLOCK(&users);

   if (!(user = get_manager_by_name_locked(username))) {
      ast_log(LOG_NOTICE, "%s tried to authenticate with nonexistent user '%s'\n", ast_inet_ntoa(s->session->sin.sin_addr), username);
   } else if (user->ha && !ast_apply_ha(user->ha, &(s->session->sin))) {
      ast_log(LOG_NOTICE, "%s failed to pass IP ACL as '%s'\n", ast_inet_ntoa(s->session->sin.sin_addr), username);
   } else if (!strcasecmp(astman_get_header(m, "AuthType"), "MD5")) {
      const char *key = astman_get_header(m, "Key");
      if (!ast_strlen_zero(key) && !ast_strlen_zero(s->session->challenge) && user->secret) {
         int x;
         int len = 0;
         char md5key[256] = "";
         struct MD5Context md5;
         unsigned char digest[16];

         MD5Init(&md5);
         MD5Update(&md5, (unsigned char *) s->session->challenge, strlen(s->session->challenge));
         MD5Update(&md5, (unsigned char *) user->secret, strlen(user->secret));
         MD5Final(digest, &md5);
         for (x = 0; x < 16; x++)
            len += sprintf(md5key + len, "%2.2x", digest[x]);
         if (!strcmp(md5key, key))
            error = 0;
      } else {
         ast_debug(1, "MD5 authentication is not possible.  challenge: '%s'\n", 
            S_OR(s->session->challenge, ""));
      }
   } else if (password && user->secret && !strcmp(password, user->secret))
      error = 0;

   if (error) {
      ast_log(LOG_NOTICE, "%s failed to authenticate as '%s'\n", ast_inet_ntoa(s->session->sin.sin_addr), username);
      AST_RWLIST_UNLOCK(&users);
      return -1;
   }

   /* auth complete */
   
   ast_copy_string(s->session->username, username, sizeof(s->session->username));
   s->session->readperm = user->readperm;
   s->session->writeperm = user->writeperm;
   s->session->writetimeout = user->writetimeout;
   s->session->sessionstart = time(NULL);
   set_eventmask(s, astman_get_header(m, "Events"));
   
   AST_RWLIST_UNLOCK(&users);
   return 0;
}

/*! \brief Manager PING */
static char mandescr_ping[] =
"Description: A 'Ping' action will ellicit a 'Pong' response.  Used to keep the\n"
"  manager connection open.\n"
"Variables: NONE\n";

static int action_ping(struct mansession *s, const struct message *m)
{
   const char *actionid = astman_get_header(m, "ActionID");

   astman_append(s, "Response: Success\r\n");
   if (!ast_strlen_zero(actionid)){
      astman_append(s, "ActionID: %s\r\n", actionid);
   }
   astman_append(s, "Ping: Pong\r\n\r\n");
   return 0;
}

static char mandescr_getconfig[] =
"Description: A 'GetConfig' action will dump the contents of a configuration\n"
"file by category and contents or optionally by specified category only.\n"
"Variables: (Names marked with * are required)\n"
"   *Filename: Configuration filename (e.g. foo.conf)\n"
"   Category: Category in configuration file\n";

static int action_getconfig(struct mansession *s, const struct message *m)
{
   struct ast_config *cfg;
   const char *fn = astman_get_header(m, "Filename");
   const char *category = astman_get_header(m, "Category");
   int catcount = 0;
   int lineno = 0;
   char *cur_category = NULL;
   struct ast_variable *v;
   struct ast_flags config_flags = { CONFIG_FLAG_WITHCOMMENTS | CONFIG_FLAG_NOCACHE };

   if (ast_strlen_zero(fn)) {
      astman_send_error(s, m, "Filename not specified");
      return 0;
   }
   cfg = ast_config_load2(fn, "manager", config_flags);
   if (cfg == CONFIG_STATUS_FILEMISSING) {
      astman_send_error(s, m, "Config file not found");
      return 0;
   } else if (cfg == CONFIG_STATUS_FILEINVALID) {
      astman_send_error(s, m, "Config file has invalid format");
      return 0;
   }

   astman_start_ack(s, m);
   while ((cur_category = ast_category_browse(cfg, cur_category))) {
      if (ast_strlen_zero(category) || (!ast_strlen_zero(category) && !strcmp(category, cur_category))) {
         lineno = 0;
         astman_append(s, "Category-%06d: %s\r\n", catcount, cur_category);
         for (v = ast_variable_browse(cfg, cur_category); v; v = v->next)
            astman_append(s, "Line-%06d-%06d: %s=%s\r\n", catcount, lineno++, v->name, v->value);
         catcount++;
      }
   }
   if (!ast_strlen_zero(category) && catcount == 0) /* TODO: actually, a config with no categories doesn't even get loaded */
      astman_append(s, "No categories found\r\n");
   ast_config_destroy(cfg);
   astman_append(s, "\r\n");

   return 0;
}

static char mandescr_listcategories[] =
"Description: A 'ListCategories' action will dump the categories in\n"
"a given file.\n"
"Variables:\n"
"   Filename: Configuration filename (e.g. foo.conf)\n";

static int action_listcategories(struct mansession *s, const struct message *m)
{
   struct ast_config *cfg;
   const char *fn = astman_get_header(m, "Filename");
   char *category = NULL;
   struct ast_flags config_flags = { CONFIG_FLAG_WITHCOMMENTS | CONFIG_FLAG_NOCACHE };
   int catcount = 0;

   if (ast_strlen_zero(fn)) {
      astman_send_error(s, m, "Filename not specified");
      return 0;
   }
   if (!(cfg = ast_config_load2(fn, "manager", config_flags))) {
      astman_send_error(s, m, "Config file not found");
      return 0;
   } else if (cfg == CONFIG_STATUS_FILEINVALID) {
      astman_send_error(s, m, "Config file has invalid format");
      return 0;
   }
   astman_start_ack(s, m);
   while ((category = ast_category_browse(cfg, category))) {
      astman_append(s, "Category-%06d: %s\r\n", catcount, category);
      catcount++;
   }
   if (catcount == 0) /* TODO: actually, a config with no categories doesn't even get loaded */
      astman_append(s, "Error: no categories found\r\n");
   ast_config_destroy(cfg);
   astman_append(s, "\r\n");

   return 0;
}


   

/*! The amount of space in out must be at least ( 2 * strlen(in) + 1 ) */
static void json_escape(char *out, const char *in)
{
   for (; *in; in++) {
      if (*in == '\\' || *in == '\"')
         *out++ = '\\';
      *out++ = *in;
   }
   *out = '\0';
}

static char mandescr_getconfigjson[] =
"Description: A 'GetConfigJSON' action will dump the contents of a configuration\n"
"file by category and contents in JSON format.  This only makes sense to be used\n"
"using rawman over the HTTP interface.\n"
"Variables:\n"
"   Filename: Configuration filename (e.g. foo.conf)\n";

static int action_getconfigjson(struct mansession *s, const struct message *m)
{
   struct ast_config *cfg;
   const char *fn = astman_get_header(m, "Filename");
   char *category = NULL;
   struct ast_variable *v;
   int comma1 = 0;
   char *buf = NULL;
   unsigned int buf_len = 0;
   struct ast_flags config_flags = { CONFIG_FLAG_WITHCOMMENTS | CONFIG_FLAG_NOCACHE };

   if (ast_strlen_zero(fn)) {
      astman_send_error(s, m, "Filename not specified");
      return 0;
   }

   if (!(cfg = ast_config_load2(fn, "manager", config_flags))) {
      astman_send_error(s, m, "Config file not found");
      return 0;
   } else if (cfg == CONFIG_STATUS_FILEINVALID) {
      astman_send_error(s, m, "Config file has invalid format");
      return 0;
   }

   buf_len = 512;
   buf = alloca(buf_len);

   astman_start_ack(s, m);
   astman_append(s, "JSON: {");
   while ((category = ast_category_browse(cfg, category))) {
      int comma2 = 0;
      if (buf_len < 2 * strlen(category) + 1) {
         buf_len *= 2;
         buf = alloca(buf_len);
      }
      json_escape(buf, category);
      astman_append(s, "%s\"%s\":[", comma1 ? "," : "", buf);
      if (!comma1)
         comma1 = 1;
      for (v = ast_variable_browse(cfg, category); v; v = v->next) {
         if (comma2)
            astman_append(s, ",");
         if (buf_len < 2 * strlen(v->name) + 1) {
            buf_len *= 2;
            buf = alloca(buf_len);
         }
         json_escape(buf, v->name);
         astman_append(s, "\"%s", buf);
         if (buf_len < 2 * strlen(v->value) + 1) {
            buf_len *= 2;
            buf = alloca(buf_len);
         }
         json_escape(buf, v->value);
         astman_append(s, "%s\"", buf);
         if (!comma2)
            comma2 = 1;
      }
      astman_append(s, "]");
   }
   astman_append(s, "}\r\n\r\n");

   ast_config_destroy(cfg);

   return 0;
}

/* helper function for action_updateconfig */
static enum error_type handle_updates(struct mansession *s, const struct message *m, struct ast_config *cfg, const char *dfn)
{
   int x;
   char hdr[40];
   const char *action, *cat, *var, *value, *match, *line;
   struct ast_category *category;
   struct ast_variable *v;
   struct ast_str *str1 = ast_str_create(16), *str2 = ast_str_create(16);
   enum error_type result = 0;

   for (x = 0; x < 100000; x++) {   /* 100000 = the max number of allowed updates + 1 */
      unsigned int object = 0;

      snprintf(hdr, sizeof(hdr), "Action-%06d", x);
      action = astman_get_header(m, hdr);
      if (ast_strlen_zero(action))     /* breaks the for loop if no action header */
         break;                        /* this could cause problems if actions come in misnumbered */

      snprintf(hdr, sizeof(hdr), "Cat-%06d", x);
      cat = astman_get_header(m, hdr);
      if (ast_strlen_zero(cat)) {      /* every action needs a category */
         result =  UNSPECIFIED_CATEGORY;
         break;
      }

      snprintf(hdr, sizeof(hdr), "Var-%06d", x);
      var = astman_get_header(m, hdr);

      snprintf(hdr, sizeof(hdr), "Value-%06d", x);
      value = astman_get_header(m, hdr);

      if (!ast_strlen_zero(value) && *value == '>') {
         object = 1;
         value++;
      }
   
      snprintf(hdr, sizeof(hdr), "Match-%06d", x);
      match = astman_get_header(m, hdr);

      snprintf(hdr, sizeof(hdr), "Line-%06d", x);
      line = astman_get_header(m, hdr);

      if (!strcasecmp(action, "newcat")) {
         if (ast_category_get(cfg,cat)) { /* check to make sure the cat doesn't */
            result = FAILURE_NEWCAT;   /* already exist */
            break;
         }
         if (!(category = ast_category_new(cat, dfn, -1))) {
            result = FAILURE_ALLOCATION;
            break;
         }
         if (ast_strlen_zero(match)) {
            ast_category_append(cfg, category);
         } else
            ast_category_insert(cfg, category, match);
      } else if (!strcasecmp(action, "renamecat")) {
         if (ast_strlen_zero(value)) {
            result = UNSPECIFIED_ARGUMENT;
            break;
         }
         if (!(category = ast_category_get(cfg, cat))) {
            result = UNKNOWN_CATEGORY;
            break;
         }
         ast_category_rename(category, value);
      } else if (!strcasecmp(action, "delcat")) {
         if (ast_category_delete(cfg, cat)) {
            result = FAILURE_DELCAT;
            break;
         }
      } else if (!strcasecmp(action, "emptycat")) {
         if (ast_category_empty(cfg, cat)) {
            result = FAILURE_EMPTYCAT;
            break;
         }
      } else if (!strcasecmp(action, "update")) {
         if (ast_strlen_zero(var)) {
            result = UNSPECIFIED_ARGUMENT;
            break;
         }
         if (!(category = ast_category_get(cfg,cat))) {
            result = UNKNOWN_CATEGORY;
            break;
         }
         if (ast_variable_update(category, var, value, match, object)) {
            result = FAILURE_UPDATE;
            break;
         }
      } else if (!strcasecmp(action, "delete")) {
         if ((ast_strlen_zero(var) && ast_strlen_zero(line))) {
            result = UNSPECIFIED_ARGUMENT;
            break;
         }
         if (!(category = ast_category_get(cfg, cat))) {
            result = UNKNOWN_CATEGORY;
            break;
         }
         if (ast_variable_delete(category, var, match, line)) {
            result = FAILURE_DELETE;
            break;
         }
      } else if (!strcasecmp(action, "append")) {
         if (ast_strlen_zero(var)) {
            result = UNSPECIFIED_ARGUMENT;
            break;
         }
         if (!(category = ast_category_get(cfg, cat))) {
            result = UNKNOWN_CATEGORY; 
            break;
         }
         if (!(v = ast_variable_new(var, value, dfn))) {
            result = FAILURE_ALLOCATION;
            break;
         }
         if (object || (match && !strcasecmp(match, "object")))
            v->object = 1;
         ast_variable_append(category, v);
      } else if (!strcasecmp(action, "insert")) {
         if (ast_strlen_zero(var) || ast_strlen_zero(line)) {
            result = UNSPECIFIED_ARGUMENT;
            break;
         }
         if (!(category = ast_category_get(cfg, cat))) {
            result = UNKNOWN_CATEGORY;
            break;
         }
         if (!(v = ast_variable_new(var, value, dfn))) {
            result = FAILURE_ALLOCATION;
            break;
         }
         ast_variable_insert(category, v, line);
      }
      else {
         ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "Action-%06d: %s not handled\n", x, action);
         result = UNKNOWN_ACTION;
         break;
      }
   }
   ast_free(str1);
   ast_free(str2);
   return result;
}

static char mandescr_updateconfig[] =
"Description: A 'UpdateConfig' action will modify, create, or delete\n"
"configuration elements in Asterisk configuration files.\n"
"Variables (X's represent 6 digit number beginning with 000000):\n"
"   SrcFilename:   Configuration filename to read(e.g. foo.conf)\n"
"   DstFilename:   Configuration filename to write(e.g. foo.conf)\n"
"   Reload:        Whether or not a reload should take place (or name of specific module)\n"
"   Action-XXXXXX: Action to Take (NewCat,RenameCat,DelCat,EmptyCat,Update,Delete,Append,Insert)\n"
"   Cat-XXXXXX:    Category to operate on\n"
"   Var-XXXXXX:    Variable to work on\n"
"   Value-XXXXXX:  Value to work on\n"
"   Match-XXXXXX:  Extra match required to match line\n"
"   Line-XXXXXX:   Line in category to operate on (used with delete and insert actions)\n";

static int action_updateconfig(struct mansession *s, const struct message *m)
{
   struct ast_config *cfg;
   const char *sfn = astman_get_header(m, "SrcFilename");
   const char *dfn = astman_get_header(m, "DstFilename");
   int res;
   const char *rld = astman_get_header(m, "Reload");
   struct ast_flags config_flags = { CONFIG_FLAG_WITHCOMMENTS | CONFIG_FLAG_NOCACHE };
   enum error_type result;

   if (ast_strlen_zero(sfn) || ast_strlen_zero(dfn)) {
      astman_send_error(s, m, "Filename not specified");
      return 0;
   }
   if (!(cfg = ast_config_load2(sfn, "manager", config_flags))) {
      astman_send_error(s, m, "Config file not found");
      return 0;
   } else if (cfg == CONFIG_STATUS_FILEINVALID) {
      astman_send_error(s, m, "Config file has invalid format");
      return 0;
   }
   result = handle_updates(s, m, cfg, dfn);
   if (!result) {
      ast_include_rename(cfg, sfn, dfn); /* change the include references from dfn to sfn, so things match up */
      res = ast_config_text_file_save(dfn, cfg, "Manager");
      ast_config_destroy(cfg);
      if (res) {
         astman_send_error(s, m, "Save of config failed");
         return 0;
      }
      astman_send_ack(s, m, NULL);
      if (!ast_strlen_zero(rld)) {
         if (ast_true(rld))
            rld = NULL;
         ast_module_reload(rld);
      }
   } else {
      ast_config_destroy(cfg);
      switch(result) {
      case UNKNOWN_ACTION:
         astman_send_error(s, m, "Unknown action command");
         break;
      case UNKNOWN_CATEGORY:
         astman_send_error(s, m, "Given category does not exist");
         break;
      case UNSPECIFIED_CATEGORY:
         astman_send_error(s, m, "Category not specified");
         break;
      case UNSPECIFIED_ARGUMENT:
         astman_send_error(s, m, "Problem with category, value, or line (if required)");
         break;
      case FAILURE_ALLOCATION:
         astman_send_error(s, m, "Memory allocation failure, this should not happen");
         break;
      case FAILURE_NEWCAT:
         astman_send_error(s, m, "Create category did not complete successfully");
         break;
      case FAILURE_DELCAT:
         astman_send_error(s, m, "Delete category did not complete successfully");
         break;
      case FAILURE_EMPTYCAT:
         astman_send_error(s, m, "Empty category did not complete successfully");
         break;
      case FAILURE_UPDATE:
         astman_send_error(s, m, "Update did not complete successfully");
         break;
      case FAILURE_DELETE:
         astman_send_error(s, m, "Delete did not complete successfully");
         break;
      case FAILURE_APPEND:
         astman_send_error(s, m, "Append did not complete successfully");
         break;
      }
   }
   return 0;
}

static char mandescr_createconfig[] =
"Description: A 'CreateConfig' action will create an empty file in the\n"
"configuration directory. This action is intended to be used before an\n"
"UpdateConfig action.\n"
"Variables\n"
"   Filename:   The configuration filename to create (e.g. foo.conf)\n";

static int action_createconfig(struct mansession *s, const struct message *m)
{
   int fd;
   const char *fn = astman_get_header(m, "Filename");
   struct ast_str *filepath = ast_str_alloca(PATH_MAX);
   ast_str_set(&filepath, 0, "%s/", ast_config_AST_CONFIG_DIR);
   ast_str_append(&filepath, 0, "%s", fn);

   if ((fd = open(ast_str_buffer(filepath), O_CREAT | O_EXCL, AST_FILE_MODE)) != -1) {
      close(fd);
      astman_send_ack(s, m, "New configuration file created successfully");
   } else {
      astman_send_error(s, m, strerror(errno));
   }

   return 0;
}

/*! \brief Manager WAITEVENT */
static char mandescr_waitevent[] =
"Description: A 'WaitEvent' action will ellicit a 'Success' response.  Whenever\n"
"a manager event is queued.  Once WaitEvent has been called on an HTTP manager\n"
"session, events will be generated and queued.\n"
"Variables: \n"
"   Timeout: Maximum time (in seconds) to wait for events, -1 means forever.\n";

static int action_waitevent(struct mansession *s, const struct message *m)
{
   const char *timeouts = astman_get_header(m, "Timeout");
   int timeout = -1;
   int x;
   int needexit = 0;
   const char *id = astman_get_header(m, "ActionID");
   char idText[256];

   if (!ast_strlen_zero(id))
      snprintf(idText, sizeof(idText), "ActionID: %s\r\n", id);
   else
      idText[0] = '\0';

   if (!ast_strlen_zero(timeouts)) {
      sscanf(timeouts, "%30i", &timeout);
      if (timeout < -1)
         timeout = -1;
      /* XXX maybe put an upper bound, or prevent the use of 0 ? */
   }

   ast_mutex_lock(&s->session->__lock);
   if (s->session->waiting_thread != AST_PTHREADT_NULL)
      pthread_kill(s->session->waiting_thread, SIGURG);

   if (s->session->managerid) { /* AMI-over-HTTP session */
      /*
       * Make sure the timeout is within the expire time of the session,
       * as the client will likely abort the request if it does not see
       * data coming after some amount of time.
       */
      time_t now = time(NULL);
      int max = s->session->sessiontimeout - now - 10;

      if (max < 0)   /* We are already late. Strange but possible. */
         max = 0;
      if (timeout < 0 || timeout > max)
         timeout = max;
      if (!s->session->send_events) /* make sure we record events */
         s->session->send_events = -1;
   }
   ast_mutex_unlock(&s->session->__lock);

   /* XXX should this go inside the lock ? */
   s->session->waiting_thread = pthread_self(); /* let new events wake up this thread */
   ast_debug(1, "Starting waiting for an event!\n");

   for (x = 0; x < timeout || timeout < 0; x++) {
      ast_mutex_lock(&s->session->__lock);
      if (AST_RWLIST_NEXT(s->session->last_ev, eq_next)) {
         needexit = 1;
      }
      /* We can have multiple HTTP session point to the same mansession entry.
       * The way we deal with it is not very nice: newcomers kick out the previous
       * HTTP session. XXX this needs to be improved.
       */
      if (s->session->waiting_thread != pthread_self())
         needexit = 1;
      if (s->session->needdestroy)
         needexit = 1;
      ast_mutex_unlock(&s->session->__lock);
      if (needexit)
         break;
      if (s->session->managerid == 0) {   /* AMI session */
         if (ast_wait_for_input(s->session->fd, 1000))
            break;
      } else { /* HTTP session */
         sleep(1);
      }
   }
   ast_debug(1, "Finished waiting for an event!\n");
   ast_mutex_lock(&s->session->__lock);
   if (s->session->waiting_thread == pthread_self()) {
      struct eventqent *eqe = s->session->last_ev;
      astman_send_response(s, m, "Success", "Waiting for Event completed.");
      while ((eqe = advance_event(eqe))) {
         if (((s->session->readperm & eqe->category) == eqe->category) &&
             ((s->session->send_events & eqe->category) == eqe->category)) {
            astman_append(s, "%s", eqe->eventdata);
         }
         s->session->last_ev = eqe;
      }
      astman_append(s,
         "Event: WaitEventComplete\r\n"
         "%s"
         "\r\n", idText);
      s->session->waiting_thread = AST_PTHREADT_NULL;
   } else {
      ast_debug(1, "Abandoning event request!\n");
   }
   ast_mutex_unlock(&s->session->__lock);
   return 0;
}

static char mandescr_listcommands[] =
"Description: Returns the action name and synopsis for every\n"
"  action that is available to the user\n"
"Variables: NONE\n";

/*! \note The actionlock is read-locked by the caller of this function */
static int action_listcommands(struct mansession *s, const struct message *m)
{
   struct manager_action *cur;
   struct ast_str *temp = ast_str_alloca(BUFSIZ); /* XXX very large ? */

   astman_start_ack(s, m);
   AST_RWLIST_TRAVERSE(&actions, cur, list) {
      if (s->session->writeperm & cur->authority || cur->authority == 0)
         astman_append(s, "%s: %s (Priv: %s)\r\n",
            cur->action, cur->synopsis, authority_to_str(cur->authority, &temp));
   }
   astman_append(s, "\r\n");

   return 0;
}

static char mandescr_events[] =
"Description: Enable/Disable sending of events to this manager\n"
"  client.\n"
"Variables:\n"
"  EventMask: 'on' if all events should be sent,\n"
"     'off' if no events should be sent,\n"
"     'system,call,log' to select which flags events should have to be sent.\n";

static int action_events(struct mansession *s, const struct message *m)
{
   const char *mask = astman_get_header(m, "EventMask");
   int res, x;

   res = set_eventmask(s, mask);
   if (broken_events_action) {
      /* if this option is set we should not return a response on
       * error, or when all events are set */

      if (res > 0) {
         for (x = 0; x < ARRAY_LEN(perms); x++) {
            if (!strcasecmp(perms[x].label, "all") && res == perms[x].num) {
               return 0;
            }
         }
         astman_append(s, "Response: Success\r\n"
                "Events: On\r\n\r\n");
      } else if (res == 0)
         astman_append(s, "Response: Success\r\n"
                "Events: Off\r\n\r\n");
      return 0;
   }

   if (res > 0)
      astman_append(s, "Response: Success\r\n"
             "Events: On\r\n\r\n");
   else if (res == 0)
      astman_append(s, "Response: Success\r\n"
             "Events: Off\r\n\r\n");
   else
      astman_send_error(s, m, "Invalid event mask");

   return 0;
}

static char mandescr_logoff[] =
"Description: Logoff this manager session\n"
"Variables: NONE\n";

static int action_logoff(struct mansession *s, const struct message *m)
{
   astman_send_response(s, m, "Goodbye", "Thanks for all the fish.");
   return -1;
}

static int action_login(struct mansession *s, const struct message *m)
{
   if (authenticate(s, m)) {
      sleep(1);
      astman_send_error(s, m, "Authentication failed");
      return -1;
   }
   s->session->authenticated = 1;
   ast_atomic_fetchadd_int(&unauth_sessions, -1);
   if (manager_displayconnects(s->session))
      ast_verb(2, "%sManager '%s' logged on from %s\n", (s->session->managerid ? "HTTP " : ""), s->session->username, ast_inet_ntoa(s->session->sin.sin_addr));
   ast_log(LOG_EVENT, "%sManager '%s' logged on from %s\n", (s->session->managerid ? "HTTP " : ""), s->session->username, ast_inet_ntoa(s->session->sin.sin_addr));
   astman_send_ack(s, m, "Authentication accepted");
   if (ast_opt_send_fullybooted && ast_test_flag(&ast_options, AST_OPT_FLAG_FULLY_BOOTED)) {
      struct ast_str *auth = ast_str_alloca(80);
      const char *cat_str = authority_to_str(EVENT_FLAG_SYSTEM, &auth);
      astman_append(s, "Event: FullyBooted\r\n"
         "Privilege: %s\r\n"
         "Status: Fully Booted\r\n\r\n", cat_str);
   }
   return 0;
}

static int action_challenge(struct mansession *s, const struct message *m)
{
   const char *authtype = astman_get_header(m, "AuthType");

   if (!strcasecmp(authtype, "MD5")) {
      if (ast_strlen_zero(s->session->challenge))
         snprintf(s->session->challenge, sizeof(s->session->challenge), "%ld", ast_random());
      ast_mutex_lock(&s->session->__lock);
      astman_start_ack(s, m);
      astman_append(s, "Challenge: %s\r\n\r\n", s->session->challenge);
      ast_mutex_unlock(&s->session->__lock);
   } else {
      astman_send_error(s, m, "Must specify AuthType");
   }
   return 0;
}

static char mandescr_hangup[] =
"Description: Hangup a channel\n"
"Variables: \n"
"  Channel: The channel name to be hungup\n";

static int action_hangup(struct mansession *s, const struct message *m)
{
   struct ast_channel *c = NULL;
   const char *name = astman_get_header(m, "Channel");
   if (ast_strlen_zero(name)) {
      astman_send_error(s, m, "No channel specified");
      return 0;
   }
   c = ast_get_channel_by_name_locked(name);
   if (!c) {
      astman_send_error(s, m, "No such channel");
      return 0;
   }
   ast_softhangup(c, AST_SOFTHANGUP_EXPLICIT);
   ast_channel_unlock(c);
   astman_send_ack(s, m, "Channel Hungup");
   return 0;
}

static char mandescr_setvar[] =
"Description: Set a global or local channel variable.\n"
"Variables: (Names marked with * are required)\n"
"  Channel: Channel to set variable for\n"
"  *Variable: Variable name\n"
"  *Value: Value\n";

static int action_setvar(struct mansession *s, const struct message *m)
{
   struct ast_channel *c = NULL;
   const char *name = astman_get_header(m, "Channel");
   const char *varname = astman_get_header(m, "Variable");
   const char *varval = astman_get_header(m, "Value");
   int res = 0;
   
   if (ast_strlen_zero(varname)) {
      astman_send_error(s, m, "No variable specified");
      return 0;
   }

   if (!ast_strlen_zero(name)) {
      c = ast_get_channel_by_name_locked(name);
      if (!c) {
         astman_send_error(s, m, "No such channel");
         return 0;
      }
   }
   if (varname[strlen(varname)-1] == ')') {
      char *function = ast_strdupa(varname);
      res = ast_func_write(c, function, varval);
   } else {
      pbx_builtin_setvar_helper(c, varname, S_OR(varval, ""));
   }

   if (c)
      ast_channel_unlock(c);
   if (res == 0) {
      astman_send_ack(s, m, "Variable Set"); 
   } else {
      astman_send_error(s, m, "Variable not set");
   }
   return 0;
}

static char mandescr_getvar[] =
"Description: Get the value of a global or local channel variable.\n"
"Variables: (Names marked with * are required)\n"
"  Channel: Channel to read variable from\n"
"  *Variable: Variable name\n"
"  ActionID: Optional Action id for message matching.\n";

static int action_getvar(struct mansession *s, const struct message *m)
{
   struct ast_channel *c = NULL;
   const char *name = astman_get_header(m, "Channel");
   const char *varname = astman_get_header(m, "Variable");
   char *varval;
   char workspace[1024] = "";

   if (ast_strlen_zero(varname)) {
      astman_send_error(s, m, "No variable specified");
      return 0;
   }

   if (!ast_strlen_zero(name)) {
      c = ast_get_channel_by_name_locked(name);
      if (!c) {
         astman_send_error(s, m, "No such channel");
         return 0;
      }
   }

   if (varname[strlen(varname) - 1] == ')') {
      if (!c) {
         c = ast_channel_alloc(0, 0, "", "", "", "", "", 0, "Bogus/manager");
         if (c) {
            ast_func_read(c, (char *) varname, workspace, sizeof(workspace));
            ast_channel_free(c);
            c = NULL;
         } else
            ast_log(LOG_ERROR, "Unable to allocate bogus channel for variable substitution.  Function results may be blank.\n");
      } else
         ast_func_read(c, (char *) varname, workspace, sizeof(workspace));
      varval = workspace;
   } else {
      pbx_retrieve_variable(c, varname, &varval, workspace, sizeof(workspace), NULL);
   }

   if (c)
      ast_channel_unlock(c);
   astman_start_ack(s, m);
   astman_append(s, "Variable: %s\r\nValue: %s\r\n\r\n", varname, S_OR(varval, ""));

   return 0;
}

static char mandescr_status[] = 
"Description: Lists channel status along with requested channel vars.\n"
"Variables: (Names marked with * are required)\n"
"  *Channel: Name of the channel to query for status\n"
"  Variables: Comma ',' separated list of variables to include\n"
"  ActionID: Optional ID for this transaction\n"
"Will return the status information of each channel along with the\n"
"value for the specified channel variables.\n";
 

/*! \brief Manager "status" command to show channels */
/* Needs documentation... */
static int action_status(struct mansession *s, const struct message *m)
{
   const char *name = astman_get_header(m, "Channel");
   const char *cvariables = astman_get_header(m, "Variables");
   char *variables = ast_strdupa(S_OR(cvariables, ""));
   struct ast_channel *c;
   char bridge[256];
   struct timeval now = ast_tvnow();
   long elapsed_seconds = 0;
   int channels = 0;
   int all = ast_strlen_zero(name); /* set if we want all channels */
   const char *id = astman_get_header(m, "ActionID");
   char idText[256];
   AST_DECLARE_APP_ARGS(vars,
      AST_APP_ARG(name)[100];
   );
   struct ast_str *str = ast_str_create(1000);

   if (!ast_strlen_zero(id))
      snprintf(idText, sizeof(idText), "ActionID: %s\r\n", id);
   else
      idText[0] = '\0';

   if (all)
      c = ast_channel_walk_locked(NULL);
   else {
      c = ast_get_channel_by_name_locked(name);
      if (!c) {
         astman_send_error(s, m, "No such channel");
         ast_free(str);
         return 0;
      }
   }
   astman_send_ack(s, m, "Channel status will follow");

   if (!ast_strlen_zero(cvariables)) {
      AST_STANDARD_APP_ARGS(vars, variables);
   }

   /* if we look by name, we break after the first iteration */
   while (c) {
      if (!ast_strlen_zero(cvariables)) {
         int i;
         ast_str_reset(str);
         for (i = 0; i < vars.argc; i++) {
            char valbuf[512], *ret = NULL;

            if (vars.name[i][strlen(vars.name[i]) - 1] == ')') {
               if (ast_func_read(c, vars.name[i], valbuf, sizeof(valbuf)) < 0) {
                  valbuf[0] = '\0';
               }
               ret = valbuf;
            } else {
               pbx_retrieve_variable(c, vars.name[i], &ret, valbuf, sizeof(valbuf), NULL);
            }

            ast_str_append(&str, 0, "Variable: %s=%s\r\n", vars.name[i], ret);
         }
      }

      channels++;
      if (c->_bridge)
         snprintf(bridge, sizeof(bridge), "BridgedChannel: %s\r\nBridgedUniqueid: %s\r\n", c->_bridge->name, c->_bridge->uniqueid);
      else
         bridge[0] = '\0';
      if (c->pbx) {
         if (c->cdr) {
            elapsed_seconds = now.tv_sec - c->cdr->start.tv_sec;
         }
         astman_append(s,
         "Event: Status\r\n"
         "Privilege: Call\r\n"
         "Channel: %s\r\n"
         "CallerIDNum: %s\r\n"
         "CallerIDName: %s\r\n"
         "Accountcode: %s\r\n"
         "ChannelState: %d\r\n"
         "ChannelStateDesc: %s\r\n"
         "Context: %s\r\n"
         "Extension: %s\r\n"
         "Priority: %d\r\n"
         "Seconds: %ld\r\n"
         "%s"
         "Uniqueid: %s\r\n"
         "%s"
         "%s"
         "\r\n",
         c->name,
         S_OR(c->cid.cid_num, ""),
         S_OR(c->cid.cid_name, ""),
         c->accountcode,
         c->_state,
         ast_state2str(c->_state), c->context,
         c->exten, c->priority, (long)elapsed_seconds, bridge, c->uniqueid, ast_str_buffer(str), idText);
      } else {
         astman_append(s,
         "Event: Status\r\n"
         "Privilege: Call\r\n"
         "Channel: %s\r\n"
         "CallerIDNum: %s\r\n"
         "CallerIDName: %s\r\n"
         "Account: %s\r\n"
         "State: %s\r\n"
         "%s"
         "Uniqueid: %s\r\n"
         "%s"
         "%s"
         "\r\n",
         c->name,
         S_OR(c->cid.cid_num, "<unknown>"),
         S_OR(c->cid.cid_name, "<unknown>"),
         c->accountcode,
         ast_state2str(c->_state), bridge, c->uniqueid, ast_str_buffer(str), idText);
      }
      ast_channel_unlock(c);
      if (!all)
         break;
      c = ast_channel_walk_locked(c);
   }
   astman_append(s,
   "Event: StatusComplete\r\n"
   "%s"
   "Items: %d\r\n"
   "\r\n", idText, channels);
   ast_free(str);
   return 0;
}

static char mandescr_sendtext[] =
"Description: Sends A Text Message while in a call.\n"
"Variables: (Names marked with * are required)\n"
"       *Channel: Channel to send message to\n"
"       *Message: Message to send\n"
"       ActionID: Optional Action id for message matching.\n";

static int action_sendtext(struct mansession *s, const struct message *m)
{
   struct ast_channel *c = NULL;
   const char *name = astman_get_header(m, "Channel");
   const char *textmsg = astman_get_header(m, "Message");
   int res = 0;

   if (ast_strlen_zero(name)) {
      astman_send_error(s, m, "No channel specified");
      return 0;
   }

   if (ast_strlen_zero(textmsg)) {
      astman_send_error(s, m, "No Message specified");
      return 0;
   }

   c = ast_get_channel_by_name_locked(name);
   if (!c) {
      astman_send_error(s, m, "No such channel");
      return 0;
   }

   res = ast_sendtext(c, textmsg);
   ast_channel_unlock(c);

   if (res >= 0) {
      astman_send_ack(s, m, "Success");
   } else {
      astman_send_error(s, m, "Failure");
   }

   return res;
}

static char mandescr_redirect[] =
"Description: Redirect (transfer) a call.\n"
"Variables: (Names marked with * are required)\n"
"  *Channel: Channel to redirect\n"
"  ExtraChannel: Second call leg to transfer (optional)\n"
"  *Exten: Extension to transfer to\n"
"  *Context: Context to transfer to\n"
"  *Priority: Priority to transfer to\n"
"  ActionID: Optional Action id for message matching.\n";

/*! \brief  action_redirect: The redirect manager command */
static int action_redirect(struct mansession *s, const struct message *m)
{
   const char *name = astman_get_header(m, "Channel");
   const char *name2 = astman_get_header(m, "ExtraChannel");
   const char *exten = astman_get_header(m, "Exten");
   const char *context = astman_get_header(m, "Context");
   const char *priority = astman_get_header(m, "Priority");
   struct ast_channel *chan, *chan2 = NULL;
   int pi = 0;
   int res;

   if (ast_strlen_zero(name)) {
      astman_send_error(s, m, "Channel not specified");
      return 0;
   }
   if (!ast_strlen_zero(priority) && (sscanf(priority, "%30d", &pi) != 1)) {
      if ((pi = ast_findlabel_extension(NULL, context, exten, priority, NULL)) < 1) {
         astman_send_error(s, m, "Invalid priority");
         return 0;
      }
   }
   /* XXX watch out, possible deadlock - we are trying to get two channels!!! */
   chan = ast_get_channel_by_name_locked(name);
   if (!chan) {
      char buf[256];
      snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "Channel does not exist: %s", name);
      astman_send_error(s, m, buf);
      return 0;
   }
   if (ast_check_hangup(chan)) {
      astman_send_error(s, m, "Redirect failed, channel not up.");
      ast_channel_unlock(chan);
      return 0;
   }
   if (!ast_strlen_zero(name2))
      chan2 = ast_get_channel_by_name_locked(name2);
   if (chan2 && ast_check_hangup(chan2)) {
      astman_send_error(s, m, "Redirect failed, extra channel not up.");
      ast_channel_unlock(chan);
      ast_channel_unlock(chan2);
      return 0;
   }
   if (chan->pbx) {
      ast_channel_lock(chan);
      ast_set_flag(chan, AST_FLAG_BRIDGE_HANGUP_DONT); /* don't let the after-bridge code run the h-exten */
      ast_channel_unlock(chan);
   }
   res = ast_async_goto(chan, context, exten, pi);
   if (!res) {
      if (!ast_strlen_zero(name2)) {
         if (chan2) {
            if (chan2->pbx) {
               ast_channel_lock(chan2);
               ast_set_flag(chan2, AST_FLAG_BRIDGE_HANGUP_DONT); /* don't let the after-bridge code run the h-exten */
               ast_channel_unlock(chan2);
            }
            res = ast_async_goto(chan2, context, exten, pi);
         } else {
            res = -1;
         }
         if (!res)
            astman_send_ack(s, m, "Dual Redirect successful");
         else
            astman_send_error(s, m, "Secondary redirect failed");
      } else
         astman_send_ack(s, m, "Redirect successful");
   } else
      astman_send_error(s, m, "Redirect failed");
   if (chan)
      ast_channel_unlock(chan);
   if (chan2)
      ast_channel_unlock(chan2);
   return 0;
}

static char mandescr_atxfer[] =
"Description: Attended transfer.\n"
"Variables: (Names marked with * are required)\n"
"  *Channel: Transferer's channel\n"
"  *Exten: Extension to transfer to\n"
"  *Context: Context to transfer to\n"
"  *Priority: Priority to transfer to\n"
"  ActionID: Optional Action id for message matching.\n";

static int action_atxfer(struct mansession *s, const struct message *m)
{
   const char *name = astman_get_header(m, "Channel");
   const char *exten = astman_get_header(m, "Exten");
   const char *context = astman_get_header(m, "Context");
   struct ast_channel *chan = NULL;
   struct ast_call_feature *atxfer_feature = NULL;
   char *feature_code = NULL;

   if (ast_strlen_zero(name)) { 
      astman_send_error(s, m, "No channel specified");
      return 0;
   }
   if (ast_strlen_zero(exten)) {
      astman_send_error(s, m, "No extension specified");
      return 0;
   }

   if (!(atxfer_feature = ast_find_call_feature("atxfer"))) {
      astman_send_error(s, m, "No attended transfer feature found");
      return 0;
   }

   if (!(chan = ast_get_channel_by_name_locked(name))) {
      astman_send_error(s, m, "Channel specified does not exist");
      return 0;
   }

   if (!ast_strlen_zero(context)) {
      pbx_builtin_setvar_helper(chan, "TRANSFER_CONTEXT", context);
   }

   for (feature_code = atxfer_feature->exten; feature_code && *feature_code; ++feature_code) {
      struct ast_frame f = {AST_FRAME_DTMF, *feature_code};
      ast_queue_frame(chan, &f);
   }

   for (feature_code = (char *)exten; feature_code && *feature_code; ++feature_code) {
      struct ast_frame f = {AST_FRAME_DTMF, *feature_code};
      ast_queue_frame(chan, &f);
   }

   astman_send_ack(s, m, "Atxfer successfully queued");
   ast_channel_unlock(chan);

   return 0;
}

static int check_blacklist(const char *cmd)
{
   char *cmd_copy, *cur_cmd;
   char *cmd_words[MAX_BLACKLIST_CMD_LEN] = { NULL, };
   int i;

   cmd_copy = ast_strdupa(cmd);
   for (i = 0; i < MAX_BLACKLIST_CMD_LEN && (cur_cmd = strsep(&cmd_copy, " ")); i++) {
      cur_cmd = ast_strip(cur_cmd);
      if (ast_strlen_zero(cur_cmd)) {
         i--;
         continue;
      }

      cmd_words[i] = cur_cmd;
   }

   for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_LEN(command_blacklist); i++) {
      int j, match = 1;

      for (j = 0; command_blacklist[i].words[j]; j++) {
         if (ast_strlen_zero(cmd_words[j]) || strcasecmp(cmd_words[j], command_blacklist[i].words[j])) {
            match = 0;
            break;
         }
      }

      if (match) {
         return 1;
      }
   }

   return 0;
}

static char mandescr_command[] =
"Description: Run a CLI command.\n"
"Variables: (Names marked with * are required)\n"
"  *Command: Asterisk CLI command to run\n"
"  ActionID: Optional Action id for message matching.\n";

/*! \brief  Manager command "command" - execute CLI command */
static int action_command(struct mansession *s, const struct message *m)
{
   const char *cmd = astman_get_header(m, "Command");
   const char *id = astman_get_header(m, "ActionID");
   char *buf, *final_buf;
   char template[] = "/tmp/ast-ami-XXXXXX";  /* template for temporary file */
   int fd;
   off_t l;

   if (ast_strlen_zero(cmd)) {
      astman_send_error(s, m, "No command provided");
      return 0;
   }

   if (check_blacklist(cmd)) {
      astman_send_error(s, m, "Command blacklisted");
      return 0;
   }

   fd = mkstemp(template);

   astman_append(s, "Response: Follows\r\nPrivilege: Command\r\n");
   if (!ast_strlen_zero(id))
      astman_append(s, "ActionID: %s\r\n", id);
   /* FIXME: Wedge a ActionID response in here, waiting for later changes */
   ast_cli_command(fd, cmd);  /* XXX need to change this to use a FILE * */
   l = lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_END);   /* how many chars available */

   /* This has a potential to overflow the stack.  Hence, use the heap. */
   buf = ast_calloc(1, l + 1);
   final_buf = ast_calloc(1, l + 1);
   if (buf) {
      lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_SET);
      if (read(fd, buf, l) < 0) {
         ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "read() failed: %s\n", strerror(errno));
      }
      buf[l] = '\0';
      if (final_buf) {
         term_strip(final_buf, buf, l);
         final_buf[l] = '\0';
      }
      astman_append(s, "%s", S_OR(final_buf, buf));
      ast_free(buf);
   }
   close(fd);
   unlink(template);
   astman_append(s, "--END COMMAND--\r\n\r\n");
   if (final_buf)
      ast_free(final_buf);
   return 0;
}

/*! \brief helper function for originate */
struct fast_originate_helper {
   char tech[AST_MAX_EXTENSION];
   /*! data can contain a channel name, extension number, username, password, etc. */
   char data[512];
   int timeout;
   int format;          /*!< Codecs used for a call */
   char app[AST_MAX_APP];
   char appdata[AST_MAX_EXTENSION];
   char cid_name[AST_MAX_EXTENSION];
   char cid_num[AST_MAX_EXTENSION];
   char context[AST_MAX_CONTEXT];
   char exten[AST_MAX_EXTENSION];
   char idtext[AST_MAX_EXTENSION];
   char account[AST_MAX_ACCOUNT_CODE];
   int priority;
   struct ast_variable *vars;
};

static void *fast_originate(void *data)
{
   struct fast_originate_helper *in = data;
   int res;
   int reason = 0;
   struct ast_channel *chan = NULL;
   char requested_channel[AST_CHANNEL_NAME];

   if (!ast_strlen_zero(in->app)) {
      res = ast_pbx_outgoing_app(in->tech, in->format, in->data, in->timeout, in->app, in->appdata, &reason, 1,
         S_OR(in->cid_num, NULL),
         S_OR(in->cid_name, NULL),
         in->vars, in->account, &chan);
   } else {
      res = ast_pbx_outgoing_exten(in->tech, in->format, in->data, in->timeout, in->context, in->exten, in->priority, &reason, 1,
         S_OR(in->cid_num, NULL),
         S_OR(in->cid_name, NULL),
         in->vars, in->account, &chan);
   }

   if (!chan)
      snprintf(requested_channel, AST_CHANNEL_NAME, "%s/%s", in->tech, in->data);   
   /* Tell the manager what happened with the channel */
   manager_event(EVENT_FLAG_CALL, "OriginateResponse",
      "%s%s"
      "Response: %s\r\n"
      "Channel: %s\r\n"
      "Context: %s\r\n"
      "Exten: %s\r\n"
      "Reason: %d\r\n"
      "Uniqueid: %s\r\n"
      "CallerIDNum: %s\r\n"
      "CallerIDName: %s\r\n",
      in->idtext, ast_strlen_zero(in->idtext) ? "" : "\r\n", res ? "Failure" : "Success", 
      chan ? chan->name : requested_channel, in->context, in->exten, reason, 
      chan ? chan->uniqueid : "<null>",
      S_OR(in->cid_num, "<unknown>"),
      S_OR(in->cid_name, "<unknown>")
      );

   /* Locked by ast_pbx_outgoing_exten or ast_pbx_outgoing_app */
   if (chan)
      ast_channel_unlock(chan);
   ast_free(in);
   return NULL;
}

static char mandescr_originate[] =
"Description: Generates an outgoing call to a Extension/Context/Priority or\n"
"  Application/Data\n"
"Variables: (Names marked with * are required)\n"
"  *Channel: Channel name to call\n"
"  Exten: Extension to use (requires 'Context' and 'Priority')\n"
"  Context: Context to use (requires 'Exten' and 'Priority')\n"
"  Priority: Priority to use (requires 'Exten' and 'Context')\n"
"  Application: Application to use\n"
"  Data: Data to use (requires 'Application')\n"
"  Timeout: How long to wait for call to be answered (in ms. Default: 30000)\n"
"  CallerID: Caller ID to be set on the outgoing channel\n"
"  Variable: Channel variable to set, multiple Variable: headers are allowed\n"
"  Codecs: Comma-separated list of codecs to use for the new channels\n"
"  Account: Account code\n"
"  Async: Set to 'true' for fast origination\n";

static int action_originate(struct mansession *s, const struct message *m)
{
   const char *name = astman_get_header(m, "Channel");
   const char *exten = astman_get_header(m, "Exten");
   const char *context = astman_get_header(m, "Context");
   const char *priority = astman_get_header(m, "Priority");
   const char *timeout = astman_get_header(m, "Timeout");
   const char *callerid = astman_get_header(m, "CallerID");
   const char *account = astman_get_header(m, "Account");
   const char *app = astman_get_header(m, "Application");
   const char *appdata = astman_get_header(m, "Data");
   const char *async = astman_get_header(m, "Async");
   const char *id = astman_get_header(m, "ActionID");
   const char *codecs = astman_get_header(m, "Codecs");
   struct ast_variable *vars;
   char *tech, *data;
   char *l = NULL, *n = NULL;
   int pi = 0;
   int res;
   int to = 30000;
   int reason = 0;
   char tmp[256];
   char tmp2[256];
   int format = AST_FORMAT_SLINEAR;

   pthread_t th;
   if (ast_strlen_zero(name)) {
      astman_send_error(s, m, "Channel not specified");
      return 0;
   }
   if (!ast_strlen_zero(priority) && (sscanf(priority, "%30d", &pi) != 1)) {
      if ((pi = ast_findlabel_extension(NULL, context, exten, priority, NULL)) < 1) {
         astman_send_error(s, m, "Invalid priority");
         return 0;
      }
   }
   if (!ast_strlen_zero(timeout) && (sscanf(timeout, "%30d", &to) != 1)) {
      astman_send_error(s, m, "Invalid timeout");
      return 0;
   }
   ast_copy_string(tmp, name, sizeof(tmp));
   tech = tmp;
   data = strchr(tmp, '/');
   if (!data) {
      astman_send_error(s, m, "Invalid channel");
      return 0;
   }
   *data++ = '\0';
   ast_copy_string(tmp2, callerid, sizeof(tmp2));
   ast_callerid_parse(tmp2, &n, &l);
   if (n) {
      if (ast_strlen_zero(n))
         n = NULL;
   }
   if (l) {
      ast_shrink_phone_number(l);
      if (ast_strlen_zero(l))
         l = NULL;
   }
   if (!ast_strlen_zero(codecs)) {
      format = 0;
      ast_parse_allow_disallow(NULL, &format, codecs, 1);
   }
   if (!ast_strlen_zero(app)) {
      /* To run the System application (or anything else that goes to
       * shell), you must have the additional System privilege */
      if (!(s->session->writeperm & EVENT_FLAG_SYSTEM)
         && (
            strcasestr(app, "system") ||      /* System(rm -rf /)
                                                 TrySystem(rm -rf /)       */
            strcasestr(app, "exec") ||        /* Exec(System(rm -rf /))
                                                 TryExec(System(rm -rf /)) */
            strcasestr(app, "agi") ||         /* AGI(/bin/rm,-rf /)
                                                 EAGI(/bin/rm,-rf /)       */
            strstr(appdata, "SHELL") ||       /* NoOp(${SHELL(rm -rf /)})  */
            strstr(appdata, "EVAL")           /* NoOp(${EVAL(${some_var_containing_SHELL})}) */
            )) {
         astman_send_error(s, m, "Originate with certain 'Application' arguments requires the additional System privilege, which you do not have.");
         return 0;
      }
   }

   /* Allocate requested channel variables */
   vars = astman_get_variables(m);

   if (ast_true(async)) {
      struct fast_originate_helper *fast = ast_calloc(1, sizeof(*fast));
      if (!fast) {
         res = -1;
      } else {
         if (!ast_strlen_zero(id))
            snprintf(fast->idtext, sizeof(fast->idtext), "ActionID: %s", id);
         ast_copy_string(fast->tech, tech, sizeof(fast->tech));
            ast_copy_string(fast->data, data, sizeof(fast->data));
         ast_copy_string(fast->app, app, sizeof(fast->app));
         ast_copy_string(fast->appdata, appdata, sizeof(fast->appdata));
         if (l)
            ast_copy_string(fast->cid_num, l, sizeof(fast->cid_num));
         if (n)
            ast_copy_string(fast->cid_name, n, sizeof(fast->cid_name));
         fast->vars = vars;
         ast_copy_string(fast->context, context, sizeof(fast->context));
         ast_copy_string(fast->exten, exten, sizeof(fast->exten));
         ast_copy_string(fast->account, account, sizeof(fast->account));
         fast->format = format;
         fast->timeout = to;
         fast->priority = pi;
         if (ast_pthread_create_detached(&th, NULL, fast_originate, fast)) {
            ast_free(fast);
            res = -1;
         } else {
            res = 0;
         }
      }
   } else if (!ast_strlen_zero(app)) {
      res = ast_pbx_outgoing_app(tech, format, data, to, app, appdata, &reason, 1, l, n, vars, account, NULL);
   } else {
      if (exten && context && pi)
         res = ast_pbx_outgoing_exten(tech, format, data, to, context, exten, pi, &reason, 1, l, n, vars, account, NULL);
      else {
         astman_send_error(s, m, "Originate with 'Exten' requires 'Context' and 'Priority'");
         if (vars) {
            ast_variables_destroy(vars);
         }
         return 0;
      }
   }
   if (!res)
      astman_send_ack(s, m, "Originate successfully queued");
   else
      astman_send_error(s, m, "Originate failed");
   return 0;
}

/*! \brief Help text for manager command mailboxstatus
 */
static char mandescr_mailboxstatus[] =
"Description: Checks a voicemail account for status.\n"
"Variables: (Names marked with * are required)\n"
"  *Mailbox: Full mailbox ID <mailbox>@<vm-context>\n"
"  ActionID: Optional ActionID for message matching.\n"
"Returns number of messages.\n"
"  Message: Mailbox Status\n"
"  Mailbox: <mailboxid>\n"
"  Waiting: <count>\n"
"\n";

static int action_mailboxstatus(struct mansession *s, const struct message *m)
{
   const char *mailbox = astman_get_header(m, "Mailbox");
   int ret;

   if (ast_strlen_zero(mailbox)) {
      astman_send_error(s, m, "Mailbox not specified");
      return 0;
   }
   ret = ast_app_has_voicemail(mailbox, NULL);
   astman_start_ack(s, m);
   astman_append(s, "Message: Mailbox Status\r\n"
          "Mailbox: %s\r\n"
          "Waiting: %d\r\n\r\n", mailbox, ret);
   return 0;
}

static char mandescr_mailboxcount[] =
"Description: Checks a voicemail account for new messages.\n"
"Variables: (Names marked with * are required)\n"
"  *Mailbox: Full mailbox ID <mailbox>@<vm-context>\n"
"  ActionID: Optional ActionID for message matching.\n"
"Returns number of urgent, new and old messages.\n"
"  Message: Mailbox Message Count\n"
"  Mailbox: <mailboxid>\n"
"  UrgentMessages: <count>\n"
"  NewMessages: <count>\n"
"  OldMessages: <count>\n"
"\n";
static int action_mailboxcount(struct mansession *s, const struct message *m)
{
   const char *mailbox = astman_get_header(m, "Mailbox");
   int newmsgs = 0, oldmsgs = 0, urgentmsgs = 0;;

   if (ast_strlen_zero(mailbox)) {
      astman_send_error(s, m, "Mailbox not specified");
      return 0;
   }
   ast_app_inboxcount2(mailbox, &urgentmsgs, &newmsgs, &oldmsgs);
   astman_start_ack(s, m);
   astman_append(s,   "Message: Mailbox Message Count\r\n"
            "Mailbox: %s\r\n"
            "UrgMessages: %d\r\n"
            "NewMessages: %d\r\n"
            "OldMessages: %d\r\n"
            "\r\n",
            mailbox, urgentmsgs, newmsgs, oldmsgs);
   return 0;
}

static char mandescr_extensionstate[] =
"Description: Report the extension state for given extension.\n"
"  If the extension has a hint, will use devicestate to check\n"
"  the status of the device connected to the extension.\n"
"Variables: (Names marked with * are required)\n"
"  *Exten: Extension to check state on\n"
"  *Context: Context for extension\n"
"  ActionId: Optional ID for this transaction\n"
"Will return an \"Extension Status\" message.\n"
"The response will include the hint for the extension and the status.\n";

static int action_extensionstate(struct mansession *s, const struct message *m)
{
   const char *exten = astman_get_header(m, "Exten");
   const char *context = astman_get_header(m, "Context");
   char hint[256] = "";
   int status;
   if (ast_strlen_zero(exten)) {
      astman_send_error(s, m, "Extension not specified");
      return 0;
   }
   if (ast_strlen_zero(context))
      context = "default";
   status = ast_extension_state(NULL, context, exten);
   ast_get_hint(hint, sizeof(hint) - 1, NULL, 0, NULL, context, exten);
   astman_start_ack(s, m);
   astman_append(s,   "Message: Extension Status\r\n"
            "Exten: %s\r\n"
            "Context: %s\r\n"
            "Hint: %s\r\n"
            "Status: %d\r\n\r\n",
            exten, context, hint, status);
   return 0;
}

static char mandescr_timeout[] =
"Description: Hangup a channel after a certain time.\n"
"Variables: (Names marked with * are required)\n"
"  *Channel: Channel name to hangup\n"
"  *Timeout: Maximum duration of the call (sec)\n"
"Acknowledges set time with 'Timeout Set' message\n";

static int action_timeout(struct mansession *s, const struct message *m)
{
   struct ast_channel *c;
   const char *name = astman_get_header(m, "Channel");
   double timeout = atof(astman_get_header(m, "Timeout"));
   struct timeval when = { timeout, 0 };

   if (ast_strlen_zero(name)) {
      astman_send_error(s, m, "No channel specified");
      return 0;
   }
   if (!timeout || timeout < 0) {
      astman_send_error(s, m, "No timeout specified");
      return 0;
   }
   c = ast_get_channel_by_name_locked(name);
   if (!c) {
      astman_send_error(s, m, "No such channel");
      return 0;
   }

   when.tv_usec = (timeout - when.tv_sec) * 1000000.0;
   ast_channel_setwhentohangup_tv(c, when);
   ast_channel_unlock(c);
   astman_send_ack(s, m, "Timeout Set");
   return 0;
}

/*!
 * Send any applicable events to the client listening on this socket.
 * Wait only for a finite time on each event, and drop all events whether
 * they are successfully sent or not.
 */
static int process_events(struct mansession *s)
{
   int ret = 0;

   ast_mutex_lock(&s->session->__lock);
   if (s->session->f != NULL) {
      struct eventqent *eqe = s->session->last_ev;

      while ((eqe = advance_event(eqe))) {
         if (!ret && s->session->authenticated &&
             (s->session->readperm & eqe->category) == eqe->category &&
             (s->session->send_events & eqe->category) == eqe->category) {
            if (send_string(s, eqe->eventdata) < 0)
               ret = -1;   /* don't send more */
         }
         s->session->last_ev = eqe;
      }
   }
   ast_mutex_unlock(&s->session->__lock);
   return ret;
}

static char mandescr_userevent[] =
"Description: Send an event to manager sessions.\n"
"Variables: (Names marked with * are required)\n"
"       *UserEvent: EventStringToSend\n"
"       Header1: Content1\n"
"       HeaderN: ContentN\n";

static int action_userevent(struct mansession *s, const struct message *m)
{
   const char *event = astman_get_header(m, "UserEvent");
   struct ast_str *body = ast_str_thread_get(&userevent_buf, 16);
   int x;

   ast_str_reset(body);

   for (x = 0; x < m->hdrcount; x++) {
      if (strncasecmp("UserEvent:", m->headers[x], strlen("UserEvent:"))) {
         ast_str_append(&body, 0, "%s\r\n", m->headers[x]);
      }
   }

   astman_send_ack(s, m, "Event Sent");   
   manager_event(EVENT_FLAG_USER, "UserEvent", "UserEvent: %s\r\n%s", event, ast_str_buffer(body));
   return 0;
}

static char mandescr_coresettings[] =
"Description: Query for Core PBX settings.\n"
"Variables: (Names marked with * are optional)\n"
"       *ActionID: ActionID of this transaction\n";

/*! \brief Show PBX core settings information */
static int action_coresettings(struct mansession *s, const struct message *m)
{
   const char *actionid = astman_get_header(m, "ActionID");
   char idText[150];

   if (!ast_strlen_zero(actionid))
      snprintf(idText, sizeof(idText), "ActionID: %s\r\n", actionid);
   else
      idText[0] = '\0';

   astman_append(s, "Response: Success\r\n"
         "%s"
         "AMIversion: %s\r\n"
         "AsteriskVersion: %s\r\n"
         "SystemName: %s\r\n"
         "CoreMaxCalls: %d\r\n"
         "CoreMaxLoadAvg: %f\r\n"
         "CoreRunUser: %s\r\n"
         "CoreRunGroup: %s\r\n"
         "CoreMaxFilehandles: %d\r\n" 
         "CoreRealTimeEnabled: %s\r\n"
         "CoreCDRenabled: %s\r\n"
         "CoreHTTPenabled: %s\r\n"
         "\r\n",
         idText,
         AMI_VERSION,
         ast_get_version(), 
         ast_config_AST_SYSTEM_NAME,
         option_maxcalls,
         option_maxload,
         ast_config_AST_RUN_USER,
         ast_config_AST_RUN_GROUP,
         option_maxfiles,
         ast_realtime_enabled() ? "Yes" : "No",
         check_cdr_enabled() ? "Yes" : "No",
         check_webmanager_enabled() ? "Yes" : "No"
         );
   return 0;
}

static char mandescr_corestatus[] =
"Description: Query for Core PBX status.\n"
"Variables: (Names marked with * are optional)\n"
"       *ActionID: ActionID of this transaction\n";

/*! \brief Show PBX core status information */
static int action_corestatus(struct mansession *s, const struct message *m)
{
   const char *actionid = astman_get_header(m, "ActionID");
   char idText[150];
   char startuptime[150];
   char reloadtime[150];
   struct ast_tm tm;

   if (!ast_strlen_zero(actionid))
      snprintf(idText, sizeof(idText), "ActionID: %s\r\n", actionid);
   else
      idText[0] = '\0';

   ast_localtime(&ast_startuptime, &tm, NULL);
   ast_strftime(startuptime, sizeof(startuptime), "%H:%M:%S", &tm);
   ast_localtime(&ast_lastreloadtime, &tm, NULL);
   ast_strftime(reloadtime, sizeof(reloadtime), "%H:%M:%S", &tm);

   astman_append(s, "Response: Success\r\n"
         "%s"
         "CoreStartupTime: %s\r\n"
         "CoreReloadTime: %s\r\n"
         "CoreCurrentCalls: %d\r\n"
         "\r\n",
         idText,
         startuptime,
         reloadtime,
         ast_active_channels()
         );
   return 0;
}

static char mandescr_reload[] =
"Description: Send a reload event.\n"
"Variables: (Names marked with * are optional)\n"
"       *ActionID: ActionID of this transaction\n"
"       *Module: Name of the module to reload\n";

/*! \brief Send a reload event */
static int action_reload(struct mansession *s, const struct message *m)
{
   const char *module = astman_get_header(m, "Module");
   int res = ast_module_reload(S_OR(module, NULL));

   if (res == 2)
      astman_send_ack(s, m, "Module Reloaded");
   else
      astman_send_error(s, m, s == 0 ? "No such module" : "Module does not support reload");
   return 0;
}

static char mandescr_coreshowchannels[] =
"Description: List currently defined channels and some information\n"
"             about them.\n"
"Variables:\n"
"          ActionID: Optional Action id for message matching.\n";

/*! \brief  Manager command "CoreShowChannels" - List currently defined channels 
 *          and some information about them. */
static int action_coreshowchannels(struct mansession *s, const struct message *m)
{
   const char *actionid = astman_get_header(m, "ActionID");
   char idText[256];
   struct ast_channel *c = NULL;
   int numchans = 0;
   int duration, durh, durm, durs;

   if (!ast_strlen_zero(actionid))
      snprintf(idText, sizeof(idText), "ActionID: %s\r\n", actionid);
   else
      idText[0] = '\0';

   astman_send_listack(s, m, "Channels will follow", "start"); 

   while ((c = ast_channel_walk_locked(c)) != NULL) {
      struct ast_channel *bc = ast_bridged_channel(c);
      char durbuf[10] = "";

      if (c->cdr && !ast_tvzero(c->cdr->start)) {
         duration = (int)(ast_tvdiff_ms(ast_tvnow(), c->cdr->start) / 1000);
         durh = duration / 3600;
         durm = (duration % 3600) / 60;
         durs = duration % 60;
         snprintf(durbuf, sizeof(durbuf), "%02d:%02d:%02d", durh, durm, durs);
      }

      astman_append(s,
         "Event: CoreShowChannel\r\n"
         "%s"
         "Channel: %s\r\n"
         "UniqueID: %s\r\n"
         "Context: %s\r\n"
         "Extension: %s\r\n"
         "Priority: %d\r\n"
         "ChannelState: %d\r\n"
         "ChannelStateDesc: %s\r\n"
         "Application: %s\r\n"
         "ApplicationData: %s\r\n"
         "CallerIDnum: %s\r\n"
         "Duration: %s\r\n"
         "AccountCode: %s\r\n"
         "BridgedChannel: %s\r\n"
         "BridgedUniqueID: %s\r\n"
         "\r\n", idText, c->name, c->uniqueid, c->context, c->exten, c->priority, c->_state,
         ast_state2str(c->_state), c->appl ? c->appl : "", c->data ? S_OR(c->data, "") : "",
         S_OR(c->cid.cid_num, ""), durbuf, S_OR(c->accountcode, ""), bc ? bc->name : "", bc ? bc->uniqueid : "");
      ast_channel_unlock(c);
      numchans++;
   }

   astman_append(s,
      "Event: CoreShowChannelsComplete\r\n"
      "EventList: Complete\r\n"
      "ListItems: %d\r\n"
      "%s"
      "\r\n", numchans, idText);

   return 0;
}

static char mandescr_modulecheck[] = 
"Description: Checks if Asterisk module is loaded\n"
"Variables: \n"
"  ActionID: <id>          Action ID for this transaction. Will be returned.\n"
"  Module: <name>          Asterisk module name (not including extension)\n"
"\n"
"Will return Success/Failure\n"
"For success returns, the module revision number is included.\n";

/* Manager function to check if module is loaded */
static int manager_modulecheck(struct mansession *s, const struct message *m)
{
   int res;
   const char *module = astman_get_header(m, "Module");
   const char *id = astman_get_header(m, "ActionID");
   char idText[256];
#if !defined(LOW_MEMORY)
   const char *version;
#endif
   char filename[PATH_MAX];
   char *cut;

   ast_copy_string(filename, module, sizeof(filename));
   if ((cut = strchr(filename, '.'))) {
      *cut = '\0';
   } else {
      cut = filename + strlen(filename);
   }
   snprintf(cut, (sizeof(filename) - strlen(filename)) - 1, ".so");
   ast_log(LOG_DEBUG, "**** ModuleCheck .so file %s\n", filename);
   res = ast_module_check(filename);
   if (!res) {
      astman_send_error(s, m, "Module not loaded");
      return 0;
   }
   snprintf(cut, (sizeof(filename) - strlen(filename)) - 1, ".c");
   ast_log(LOG_DEBUG, "**** ModuleCheck .c file %s\n", filename);
#if !defined(LOW_MEMORY)
   version = ast_file_version_find(filename);
#endif

   if (!ast_strlen_zero(id))
      snprintf(idText, sizeof(idText), "ActionID: %s\r\n", id);
   else
      idText[0] = '\0';
   astman_append(s, "Response: Success\r\n%s", idText);
#if !defined(LOW_MEMORY)
   astman_append(s, "Version: %s\r\n\r\n", version ? version : "");
#endif
   return 0;
}

static char mandescr_moduleload[] = 
"Description: Loads, unloads or reloads an Asterisk module in a running system.\n"
"Variables: \n"
"  ActionID: <id>          Action ID for this transaction. Will be returned.\n"
"  Module: <name>          Asterisk module name (including .so extension)\n"
"                          or subsystem identifier:\n"
"           cdr, enum, dnsmgr, extconfig, manager, rtp, http\n"
"  LoadType: load | unload | reload\n"
"                          The operation to be done on module\n"
" If no module is specified for a reload loadtype, all modules are reloaded";

static int manager_moduleload(struct mansession *s, const struct message *m)
{
   int res;
   const char *module = astman_get_header(m, "Module");
   const char *loadtype = astman_get_header(m, "LoadType");

   if (!loadtype || strlen(loadtype) == 0)
      astman_send_error(s, m, "Incomplete ModuleLoad action.");
   if ((!module || strlen(module) == 0) && strcasecmp(loadtype, "reload") != 0)
      astman_send_error(s, m, "Need module name");

   if (!strcasecmp(loadtype, "load")) {
      res = ast_load_resource(module);
      if (res)
         astman_send_error(s, m, "Could not load module.");
      else
         astman_send_ack(s, m, "Module loaded.");
   } else if (!strcasecmp(loadtype, "unload")) {
      res = ast_unload_resource(module, AST_FORCE_SOFT);
      if (res)
         astman_send_error(s, m, "Could not unload module.");
      else
         astman_send_ack(s, m, "Module unloaded.");
   } else if (!strcasecmp(loadtype, "reload")) {
      if (module != NULL) {
         res = ast_module_reload(module);
         if (res == 0)
            astman_send_error(s, m, "No such module.");
         else if (res == 1)
            astman_send_error(s, m, "Module does not support reload action.");
         else
            astman_send_ack(s, m, "Module reloaded.");
      } else {
         ast_module_reload(NULL);   /* Reload all modules */
         astman_send_ack(s, m, "All modules reloaded");
      }
   } else 
      astman_send_error(s, m, "Incomplete ModuleLoad action.");
   return 0;
}

/*
 * Done with the action handlers here, we start with the code in charge
 * of accepting connections and serving them.
 * accept_thread() forks a new thread for each connection, session_do(),
 * which in turn calls get_input() repeatedly until a full message has
 * been accumulated, and then invokes process_message() to pass it to
 * the appropriate handler.
 */

/*
 * Process an AMI message, performing desired action.
 * Return 0 on success, -1 on error that require the session to be destroyed.
 */
static int process_message(struct mansession *s, const struct message *m)
{
   char action[80] = "";
   int ret = 0;
   struct manager_action *tmp;
   const char *user = astman_get_header(m, "Username");

   ast_copy_string(action, __astman_get_header(m, "Action", GET_HEADER_SKIP_EMPTY), sizeof(action));
   ast_debug(1, "Manager received command '%s'\n", action);

   if (ast_strlen_zero(action)) {
      ast_mutex_lock(&s->session->__lock);
      astman_send_error(s, m, "Missing action in request");
      ast_mutex_unlock(&s->session->__lock);
      return 0;
   }

   if (!s->session->authenticated && strcasecmp(action, "Login") && strcasecmp(action, "Logoff") && strcasecmp(action, "Challenge")) {
      ast_mutex_lock(&s->session->__lock);
      astman_send_error(s, m, "Permission denied");
      ast_mutex_unlock(&s->session->__lock);
      return 0;
   }

   if (!allowmultiplelogin && !s->session->authenticated && user &&
      (!strcasecmp(action, "Login") || !strcasecmp(action, "Challenge"))) {
      if (check_manager_session_inuse(user)) {
         sleep(1);
         ast_mutex_lock(&s->session->__lock);
         astman_send_error(s, m, "Login Already In Use");
         ast_mutex_unlock(&s->session->__lock);
         return -1;
      }
   }

   AST_RWLIST_RDLOCK(&actions);
   AST_RWLIST_TRAVERSE(&actions, tmp, list) {
      if (strcasecmp(action, tmp->action))
         continue;
      if (s->session->writeperm & tmp->authority || tmp->authority == 0)
         ret = tmp->func(s, m);
      else
         astman_send_error(s, m, "Permission denied");
      break;
   }
   AST_RWLIST_UNLOCK(&actions);

   if (!tmp) {
      char buf[512];
      snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "Invalid/unknown command: %s. Use Action: ListCommands to show available commands.", action);
      ast_mutex_lock(&s->session->__lock);
      astman_send_error(s, m, buf);
      ast_mutex_unlock(&s->session->__lock);
   }
   if (ret)
      return ret;
   /* Once done with our message, deliver any pending events unless the
      requester doesn't want them as part of this response.
   */
   if (ast_strlen_zero(astman_get_header(m, "SuppressEvents"))) {
      return process_events(s);
   } else {
      return ret;
   }
}

/*!
 * Read one full line (including crlf) from the manager socket.
 * \note \verbatim
 * \r\n is the only valid terminator for the line.
 * (Note that, later, '\0' will be considered as the end-of-line marker,
 * so everything between the '\0' and the '\r\n' will not be used).
 * Also note that we assume output to have at least "maxlen" space.
 * \endverbatim
 */
static int get_input(struct mansession *s, char *output)
{
   int res, x;
   int maxlen = sizeof(s->session->inbuf) - 1;
   char *src = s->session->inbuf;
   int timeout = -1;
   time_t now;

   /*
    * Look for \r\n within the buffer. If found, copy to the output
    * buffer and return, trimming the \r\n (not used afterwards).
    */
   for (x = 0; x < s->session->inlen; x++) {
      int cr;  /* set if we have \r */
      if (src[x] == '\r' && x+1 < s->session->inlen && src[x+1] == '\n')
         cr = 2;  /* Found. Update length to include \r\n */
      else if (src[x] == '\n')
         cr = 1;  /* also accept \n only */
      else
         continue;
      memmove(output, src, x);   /*... but trim \r\n */
      output[x] = '\0';    /* terminate the string */
      x += cr;       /* number of bytes used */
      s->session->inlen -= x;       /* remaining size */
      memmove(src, src + x, s->session->inlen); /* remove used bytes */
      return 1;
   }
   if (s->session->inlen >= maxlen) {
      /* no crlf found, and buffer full - sorry, too long for us */
      ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "Dumping long line with no return from %s: %s\n", ast_inet_ntoa(s->session->sin.sin_addr), src);
      s->session->inlen = 0;
   }
   res = 0;
   while (res == 0) {
      /* calculate a timeout if we are not authenticated */
      if (!s->session->authenticated) {
         if(time(&now) == -1) {
            ast_log(LOG_ERROR, "error executing time(): %s\n", strerror(errno));
            return -1;
         }

         timeout = (authtimeout - (now - s->session->authstart)) * 1000;
         if (timeout < 0) {
            /* we have timed out */
            return 0;
         }
      }

      /* XXX do we really need this locking ? */
      ast_mutex_lock(&s->session->__lock);
      if (s->session->pending_event) {
         s->session->pending_event = 0;
         ast_mutex_unlock(&s->session->__lock);
         return 0;
      }
      s->session->waiting_thread = pthread_self();
      ast_mutex_unlock(&s->session->__lock);

      res = ast_wait_for_input(s->session->fd, timeout);

      ast_mutex_lock(&s->session->__lock);
      s->session->waiting_thread = AST_PTHREADT_NULL;
      ast_mutex_unlock(&s->session->__lock);
   }
   if (res < 0) {
      /* If we get a signal from some other thread (typically because
       * there are new events queued), return 0 to notify the caller.
       */
      if (errno == EINTR || errno == EAGAIN)
         return 0;
      ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "poll() returned error: %s\n", strerror(errno));
      return -1;
   }
   ast_mutex_lock(&s->session->__lock);
   res = fread(src + s->session->inlen, 1, maxlen - s->session->inlen, s->session->f);
   if (res < 1)
      res = -1;   /* error return */
   else {
      s->session->inlen += res;
      src[s->session->inlen] = '\0';
      res = 0;
   }
   ast_mutex_unlock(&s->session->__lock);
   return res;
}

static int do_message(struct mansession *s)
{
   struct message m = { 0 };
   char header_buf[sizeof(s->session->inbuf)] = { '\0' };
   int res;
   time_t now;

   for (;;) {
      /* Check if any events are pending and do them if needed */
      if (process_events(s))
         return -1;
      res = get_input(s, header_buf);
      if (res == 0) {
         if (!s->session->authenticated) {
            if(time(&now) == -1) {
               ast_log(LOG_ERROR, "error executing time(): %s\n", strerror(errno));
               return -1;
            }

            if (now - s->session->authstart > authtimeout) {
               ast_log(LOG_EVENT, "Client from %s, failed to authenticate in %d seconds\n", ast_inet_ntoa(s->session->sin.sin_addr), authtimeout);
               return -1;
            }
         }
         continue;
      } else if (res > 0) {
         if (ast_strlen_zero(header_buf))
            return process_message(s, &m) ? -1 : 0;
         else if (m.hdrcount < (AST_MAX_MANHEADERS - 1))
            m.headers[m.hdrcount++] = ast_strdupa(header_buf);
      } else {
         return res;
      }
   }
}

/*! \brief The body of the individual manager session.
 * Call get_input() to read one line at a time
 * (or be woken up on new events), collect the lines in a
 * message until found an empty line, and execute the request.
 * In any case, deliver events asynchronously through process_events()
 * (called from here if no line is available, or at the end of
 * process_message(). )
 */
static void *session_do(void *data)
{
   struct ast_tcptls_session_instance *ser = data;
   struct mansession_session *session = NULL;
   struct mansession s = {.session = NULL, };
   int flags;
   int res;
   struct protoent *p;

   if (ast_atomic_fetchadd_int(&unauth_sessions, +1) >= authlimit) {
      fclose(ser->f);
      ast_atomic_fetchadd_int(&unauth_sessions, -1);
      goto done;
   }

   if ((session = ast_calloc(1, sizeof(*session))) == NULL) {
      fclose(ser->f);
      ast_atomic_fetchadd_int(&unauth_sessions, -1);
      goto done;
   }

   /* here we set TCP_NODELAY on the socket to disable Nagle's algorithm.
    * This is necessary to prevent delays (caused by buffering) as we
    * write to the socket in bits and peices. */
   p = getprotobyname("tcp");
   if (p) {
      int arg = 1;
      if( setsockopt(ser->fd, p->p_proto, TCP_NODELAY, (char *)&arg, sizeof(arg) ) < 0 ) {
         ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "Failed to set manager tcp connection to TCP_NODELAY mode: %s\nSome manager actions may be slow to respond.\n", strerror(errno));
      }
   } else {
      ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "Failed to set manager tcp connection to TCP_NODELAY, getprotobyname(\"tcp\") failed\nSome manager actions may be slow to respond.\n");
   }

   session->writetimeout = 100;
   session->waiting_thread = AST_PTHREADT_NULL;

   flags = fcntl(ser->fd, F_GETFL);
   if (!block_sockets) /* make sure socket is non-blocking */
      flags |= O_NONBLOCK;
   else
      flags &= ~O_NONBLOCK;
   fcntl(ser->fd, F_SETFL, flags);

   ast_mutex_init(&session->__lock);
   session->send_events = -1;
   /* Hook to the tail of the event queue */
   session->last_ev = grab_last();

   /* these fields duplicate those in the 'ser' structure */
   session->fd = ser->fd;
   session->f = ser->f;
   session->sin = ser->remote_address;
   s.session = session;

   AST_LIST_HEAD_INIT_NOLOCK(&session->datastores);

   AST_LIST_LOCK(&sessions);
   AST_LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&sessions, session, list);
   ast_atomic_fetchadd_int(&num_sessions, 1);
   AST_LIST_UNLOCK(&sessions);

   if(time(&session->authstart) == -1) {
      ast_log(LOG_ERROR, "error executing time(): %s; disconnecting client\n", strerror(errno));
      ast_atomic_fetchadd_int(&unauth_sessions, -1);
      destroy_session(session);
      goto done;
   }

   astman_append(&s, "Asterisk Call Manager/%s\r\n", AMI_VERSION);   /* welcome prompt */
   for (;;) {
      if ((res = do_message(&s)) < 0 || s.write_error)
         break;
   }
   /* session is over, explain why and terminate */
   if (session->authenticated) {
         if (manager_displayconnects(session))
         ast_verb(2, "Manager '%s' logged off from %s\n", session->username, ast_inet_ntoa(session->sin.sin_addr));
      ast_log(LOG_EVENT, "Manager '%s' logged off from %s\n", session->username, ast_inet_ntoa(session->sin.sin_addr));
   } else {
      ast_atomic_fetchadd_int(&unauth_sessions, -1);
         if (displayconnects)
         ast_verb(2, "Connect attempt from '%s' unable to authenticate\n", ast_inet_ntoa(session->sin.sin_addr));
      ast_log(LOG_EVENT, "Failed attempt from %s\n", ast_inet_ntoa(session->sin.sin_addr));
   }

   destroy_session(session);

done:
   ao2_ref(ser, -1);
   ser = NULL;
   return NULL;
}

/*! \brief remove at most n_max stale session from the list. */
static void purge_sessions(int n_max)
{
   struct mansession_session *session;
   time_t now = time(NULL);

   AST_LIST_LOCK(&sessions);
   AST_LIST_TRAVERSE_SAFE_BEGIN(&sessions, session, list) {
      if (session->sessiontimeout && (now > session->sessiontimeout) && !session->inuse) {
         AST_LIST_REMOVE_CURRENT(list);
         ast_atomic_fetchadd_int(&num_sessions, -1);
         if (session->authenticated && (VERBOSITY_ATLEAST(2)) && manager_displayconnects(session)) {
            ast_verb(2, "HTTP Manager '%s' timed out from %s\n",
               session->username, ast_inet_ntoa(session->sin.sin_addr));
         }
         free_session(session);  /* XXX outside ? */
         if (--n_max <= 0)
            break;
      }
   }
   AST_LIST_TRAVERSE_SAFE_END;
   AST_LIST_UNLOCK(&sessions);
}

/*
 * events are appended to a queue from where they
 * can be dispatched to clients.
 */
static int append_event(const char *str, int category)
{
   struct eventqent *tmp = ast_malloc(sizeof(*tmp) + strlen(str));
   static int seq;   /* sequence number */

   if (!tmp)
      return -1;

   /* need to init all fields, because ast_malloc() does not */
   tmp->usecount = 0;
   tmp->category = category;
   tmp->seq = ast_atomic_fetchadd_int(&seq, 1);
   tmp->tv = ast_tvnow();
   AST_RWLIST_NEXT(tmp, eq_next) = NULL;
   strcpy(tmp->eventdata, str);

   AST_RWLIST_WRLOCK(&all_events);
   AST_RWLIST_INSERT_TAIL(&all_events, tmp, eq_next);
   AST_RWLIST_UNLOCK(&all_events);

   return 0;
}

/* XXX see if can be moved inside the function */
AST_THREADSTORAGE(manager_event_buf);
#define MANAGER_EVENT_BUF_INITSIZE   256

/*! \brief  manager_event: Send AMI event to client */
int __manager_event(int category, const char *event,
   const char *file, int line, const char *func, const char *fmt, ...)
{
   struct mansession_session *session;
   struct manager_custom_hook *hook;
   struct ast_str *auth = ast_str_alloca(80);
   const char *cat_str;
   va_list ap;
   struct timeval now;
   struct ast_str *buf;

   /* Abort if there are neither any manager sessions nor hooks */
   if (!num_sessions && AST_RWLIST_EMPTY(&manager_hooks))
      return 0;

   if (!(buf = ast_str_thread_get(&manager_event_buf, MANAGER_EVENT_BUF_INITSIZE)))
      return -1;

   cat_str = authority_to_str(category, &auth);
   ast_str_set(&buf, 0,
         "Event: %s\r\nPrivilege: %s\r\n",
          event, cat_str);

   if (timestampevents) {
      now = ast_tvnow();
      ast_str_append(&buf, 0,
            "Timestamp: %ld.%06lu\r\n",
             (long)now.tv_sec, (unsigned long) now.tv_usec);
   }
   if (manager_debug) {
      static int seq;
      ast_str_append(&buf, 0,
            "SequenceNumber: %d\r\n",
             ast_atomic_fetchadd_int(&seq, 1));
      ast_str_append(&buf, 0,
            "File: %s\r\nLine: %d\r\nFunc: %s\r\n", file, line, func);
   }

   va_start(ap, fmt);
   ast_str_append_va(&buf, 0, fmt, ap);
   va_end(ap);

   ast_str_append(&buf, 0, "\r\n");

   append_event(ast_str_buffer(buf), category);

   if (num_sessions) {
      /* Wake up any sleeping sessions */
      AST_LIST_LOCK(&sessions);
      AST_LIST_TRAVERSE(&sessions, session, list) {
         ast_mutex_lock(&session->__lock);
         if (session->waiting_thread != AST_PTHREADT_NULL)
            pthread_kill(session->waiting_thread, SIGURG);
         else
            /* We have an event to process, but the mansession is
             * not waiting for it. We still need to indicate that there
             * is an event waiting so that get_input processes the pending
             * event instead of polling.
             */
            session->pending_event = 1;
         ast_mutex_unlock(&session->__lock);
      }
      AST_LIST_UNLOCK(&sessions);
   }

   if (!AST_RWLIST_EMPTY(&manager_hooks)) {
      AST_RWLIST_RDLOCK(&manager_hooks);
      AST_RWLIST_TRAVERSE(&manager_hooks, hook, list) {
         hook->helper(category, event, ast_str_buffer(buf));
      }
      AST_RWLIST_UNLOCK(&manager_hooks);
   }

   return 0;
}

/*
 * support functions to register/unregister AMI action handlers,
 */
int ast_manager_unregister(char *action)
{
   struct manager_action *cur;
   struct timespec tv = { 5, };

   if (AST_RWLIST_TIMEDWRLOCK(&actions, &tv)) {
      ast_log(LOG_ERROR, "Could not obtain lock on manager list\n");
      return -1;
   }
   AST_RWLIST_TRAVERSE_SAFE_BEGIN(&actions, cur, list) {
      if (!strcasecmp(action, cur->action)) {
         AST_RWLIST_REMOVE_CURRENT(list);
         ast_free(cur);
         ast_verb(2, "Manager unregistered action %s\n", action);
         break;
      }
   }
   AST_RWLIST_TRAVERSE_SAFE_END;
   AST_RWLIST_UNLOCK(&actions);

   return 0;
}

static int manager_state_cb(char *context, char *exten, int state, void *data)
{
   /* Notify managers of change */
   char hint[512];
   ast_get_hint(hint, sizeof(hint), NULL, 0, NULL, context, exten);

   manager_event(EVENT_FLAG_CALL, "ExtensionStatus", "Exten: %s\r\nContext: %s\r\nHint: %s\r\nStatus: %d\r\n", exten, context, hint, state);
   return 0;
}

static int ast_manager_register_struct(struct manager_action *act)
{
   struct manager_action *cur, *prev = NULL;
   struct timespec tv = { 5, };

   if (AST_RWLIST_TIMEDWRLOCK(&actions, &tv)) {
      ast_log(LOG_ERROR, "Could not obtain lock on manager list\n");
      return -1;
   }
   AST_RWLIST_TRAVERSE(&actions, cur, list) {
      int ret = strcasecmp(cur->action, act->action);
      if (ret == 0) {
         ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "Manager: Action '%s' already registered\n", act->action);
         AST_RWLIST_UNLOCK(&actions);
         return -1;
      }
      if (ret > 0) { /* Insert these alphabetically */
         prev = cur;
         break;
      }
   }

   if (prev)
      AST_RWLIST_INSERT_AFTER(&actions, prev, act, list);
   else
      AST_RWLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&actions, act, list);

   ast_verb(2, "Manager registered action %s\n", act->action);

   AST_RWLIST_UNLOCK(&actions);

   return 0;
}

/*! \brief register a new command with manager, including online help. This is
   the preferred way to register a manager command */
int ast_manager_register2(const char *action, int auth, int (*func)(struct mansession *s, const struct message *m), const char *synopsis, const char *description)
{
   struct manager_action *cur = NULL;

   if (!(cur = ast_calloc(1, sizeof(*cur))))
      return -1;

   cur->action = action;
   cur->authority = auth;
   cur->func = func;
   cur->synopsis = synopsis;
   cur->description = description;

   if (ast_manager_register_struct(cur)) {
      ast_free(cur);
      return -1;
   }

   return 0;
}
/*! @}
 END Doxygen group */

/*
 * The following are support functions for AMI-over-http.
 * The common entry point is generic_http_callback(),
 * which extracts HTTP header and URI fields and reformats
 * them into AMI messages, locates a proper session
 * (using the mansession_id Cookie or GET variable),
 * and calls process_message() as for regular AMI clients.
 * When done, the output (which goes to a temporary file)
 * is read back into a buffer and reformatted as desired,
 * then fed back to the client over the original socket.
 */

enum output_format {
   FORMAT_RAW,
   FORMAT_HTML,
   FORMAT_XML,
};

static char *contenttype[] = {
   [FORMAT_RAW] = "plain",
   [FORMAT_HTML] = "html",
   [FORMAT_XML] =  "xml",
};

/*!
 * locate an http session in the list. The search key (ident) is
 * the value of the mansession_id cookie (0 is not valid and means
 * a session on the AMI socket).
 */
static struct mansession_session *find_session(uint32_t ident, int incinuse)
{
   struct mansession_session *session;

   if (ident == 0)
      return NULL;

   AST_LIST_LOCK(&sessions);
   AST_LIST_TRAVERSE(&sessions, session, list) {
      ast_mutex_lock(&session->__lock);
      if (session->managerid == ident && !session->needdestroy) {
         ast_atomic_fetchadd_int(&session->inuse, incinuse ? 1 : 0);
         break;
      }
      ast_mutex_unlock(&session->__lock);
   }
   AST_LIST_UNLOCK(&sessions);

   return session;
}

int astman_is_authed(uint32_t ident) 
{
   int authed;
   struct mansession_session *session;

   if (!(session = find_session(ident, 0)))
      return 0;

   authed = (session->authenticated != 0);

   ast_mutex_unlock(&session->__lock);

   return authed;
}

int astman_verify_session_readpermissions(uint32_t ident, int perm)
{
   int result = 0;
   struct mansession_session *session;

   AST_LIST_LOCK(&sessions);
   AST_LIST_TRAVERSE(&sessions, session, list) {
      ast_mutex_lock(&session->__lock);
      if ((session->managerid == ident) && (session->readperm & perm)) {
         result = 1;
         ast_mutex_unlock(&session->__lock);
         break;
      }
      ast_mutex_unlock(&session->__lock);
   }
   AST_LIST_UNLOCK(&sessions);
   return result;
}

int astman_verify_session_writepermissions(uint32_t ident, int perm)
{
   int result = 0;
   struct mansession_session *session;

   AST_LIST_LOCK(&sessions);
   AST_LIST_TRAVERSE(&sessions, session, list) {
      ast_mutex_lock(&session->__lock);
      if ((session->managerid == ident) && (session->writeperm & perm)) {
         result = 1;
         ast_mutex_unlock(&session->__lock);
         break;
      }
      ast_mutex_unlock(&session->__lock);
   }
   AST_LIST_UNLOCK(&sessions);
   return result;
}

/*
 * convert to xml with various conversion:
 * mode & 1 -> lowercase;
 * mode & 2 -> replace non-alphanumeric chars with underscore
 */
static void xml_copy_escape(struct ast_str **out, const char *src, int mode)
{
   /* store in a local buffer to avoid calling ast_str_append too often */
   char buf[256];
   char *dst = buf;
   int space = sizeof(buf);
   /* repeat until done and nothing to flush */
   for ( ; *src || dst != buf ; src++) {
      if (*src == '\0' || space < 10) {   /* flush */
         *dst++ = '\0';
         ast_str_append(out, 0, "%s", buf);
         dst = buf;
         space = sizeof(buf);
         if (*src == '\0')
            break;
      }
         
      if ( (mode & 2) && !isalnum(*src)) {
         *dst++ = '_';
         space--;
         continue;
      }
      switch (*src) {
      case '<':
         strcpy(dst, "&lt;");
         dst += 4;
         space -= 4;
         break;
      case '>':
         strcpy(dst, "&gt;");
         dst += 4;
         space -= 4;
         break;
      case '\"':
         strcpy(dst, "&quot;");
         dst += 6;
         space -= 6;
         break;
      case '\'':
         strcpy(dst, "&apos;");
         dst += 6;
         space -= 6;
         break;
      case '&':
         strcpy(dst, "&amp;");
         dst += 5;
         space -= 5;
         break;

      default:
         *dst++ = mode ? tolower(*src) : *src;
         space--;
      }
   }
}

struct variable_count {
   char *varname;
   int count;
};

static int compress_char(char c)
{
   c &= 0x7f;
   if (c < 32)
      return 0;
   else if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'z')
      return c - 64;
   else if (c > 'z')
      return '_';
   else
      return c - 32;
}

static int variable_count_hash_fn(const void *vvc, const int flags)
{
   const struct variable_count *vc = vvc;
   int res = 0, i;
   for (i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
      if (vc->varname[i] == '\0')
         break;
      res += compress_char(vc->varname[i]) << (i * 6);
   }
   return res;
}

static int variable_count_cmp_fn(void *obj, void *vstr, int flags)
{
   /* Due to the simplicity of struct variable_count, it makes no difference
    * if you pass in objects or strings, the same operation applies. This is
    * due to the fact that the hash occurs on the first element, which means
    * the address of both the struct and the string are exactly the same. */
   struct variable_count *vc = obj;
   char *str = vstr;
   return !strcmp(vc->varname, str) ? CMP_MATCH | CMP_STOP : 0;
}

/*! \brief Convert the input into XML or HTML.
 * The input is supposed to be a sequence of lines of the form
 * Name: value
 * optionally followed by a blob of unformatted text.
 * A blank line is a section separator. Basically, this is a
 * mixture of the format of Manager Interface and CLI commands.
 * The unformatted text is considered as a single value of a field
 * named 'Opaque-data'.
 *
 * At the moment the output format is the following (but it may
 * change depending on future requirements so don't count too
 * much on it when writing applications):
 *
 * General: the unformatted text is used as a value of
 * XML output:  to be completed
 * 
 * \verbatim
 *   Each section is within <response type="object" id="xxx">
 *   where xxx is taken from ajaxdest variable or defaults to unknown
 *   Each row is reported as an attribute Name="value" of an XML
 *   entity named from the variable ajaxobjtype, default to "generic"
 * \endverbatim
 *
 * HTML output:
 *   each Name-value pair is output as a single row of a two-column table.
 *   Sections (blank lines in the input) are separated by a <HR>
 *
 */
static void xml_translate(struct ast_str **out, char *in, struct ast_variable *vars, enum output_format format)
{
   struct ast_variable *v;
   const char *dest = NULL;
   char *var, *val;
   const char *objtype = NULL;
   int in_data = 0;  /* parsing data */
   int inobj = 0;
   int xml = (format == FORMAT_XML);
   struct variable_count *vc = NULL;
   struct ao2_container *vco = NULL;

   for (v = vars; v; v = v->next) {
      if (!dest && !strcasecmp(v->name, "ajaxdest"))
         dest = v->value;
      else if (!objtype && !strcasecmp(v->name, "ajaxobjtype"))
         objtype = v->value;
   }
   if (!dest)
      dest = "unknown";
   if (!objtype)
      objtype = "generic";

   /* we want to stop when we find an empty line */
   while (in && *in) {
      val = strsep(&in, "\r\n"); /* mark start and end of line */
      if (in && *in == '\n')     /* remove trailing \n if any */
         in++;
      ast_trim_blanks(val);
      ast_debug(5, "inobj %d in_data %d line <%s>\n", inobj, in_data, val);
      if (ast_strlen_zero(val)) {
         if (in_data) { /* close data */
            ast_str_append(out, 0, xml ? "'" : "</td></tr>\n");
            in_data = 0;
         }
         if (inobj) {
            ast_str_append(out, 0, xml ? " /></response>\n" :
               "<tr><td colspan=\"2\"><hr></td></tr>\r\n");
            inobj = 0;
            ao2_ref(vco, -1);
            vco = NULL;
         }
         continue;
      }

      /* we expect Name: value lines */
      if (in_data) {
         var = NULL;
      } else {
         var = strsep(&val, ":");
         if (val) {  /* found the field name */
            val = ast_skip_blanks(val);
            ast_trim_blanks(var);
         } else {    /* field name not found, move to opaque mode */
            val = var;
            var = "Opaque-data";
         }
      }

      if (!inobj) {
         if (xml)
            ast_str_append(out, 0, "<response type='object' id='%s'><%s", dest, objtype);
         else
            ast_str_append(out, 0, "<body>\n");
         vco = ao2_container_alloc(37, variable_count_hash_fn, variable_count_cmp_fn);
         inobj = 1;
      }

      if (!in_data) {   /* build appropriate line start */
         ast_str_append(out, 0, xml ? " " : "<tr><td>");
         if ((vc = ao2_find(vco, var, 0)))
            vc->count++;
         else {
            /* Create a new entry for this one */
            vc = ao2_alloc(sizeof(*vc), NULL);
            vc->varname = var;
            vc->count = 1;
            ao2_link(vco, vc);
         }
         xml_copy_escape(out, var, xml ? 1 | 2 : 0);
         if (vc->count > 1)
            ast_str_append(out, 0, "-%d", vc->count);
         ao2_ref(vc, -1);
         ast_str_append(out, 0, xml ? "='" : "</td><td>");
         if (!strcmp(var, "Opaque-data"))
            in_data = 1;
      }
      xml_copy_escape(out, val, 0); /* data field */
      if (!in_data)
         ast_str_append(out, 0, xml ? "'" : "</td></tr>\n");
      else
         ast_str_append(out, 0, xml ? "\n" : "<br>\n");
   }
   if (inobj) {
      ast_str_append(out, 0, xml ? " /></response>\n" :
         "<tr><td colspan=\"2\"><hr></td></tr>\r\n");
      ao2_ref(vco, -1);
   }
}

static struct ast_str *generic_http_callback(enum output_format format,
                    struct sockaddr_in *remote_address, const char *uri, enum ast_http_method method,
                    struct ast_variable *params, int *status,
                    char **title, int *contentlength)
{
   struct mansession s = {.session = NULL, };
   struct mansession_session *session = NULL;
   uint32_t ident = 0;
   int blastaway = 0;
   struct ast_variable *v;
   char template[] = "/tmp/ast-http-XXXXXX"; /* template for temporary file */
   struct ast_str *out = NULL;
   struct message m = { 0 };
   unsigned int x;
   size_t hdrlen;

   for (v = params; v; v = v->next) {
      if (!strcasecmp(v->name, "mansession_id")) {
         sscanf(v->value, "%30x", &ident);
         break;
      }
   }

   if (!(session = find_session(ident, 1))) {
      /* Create new session.
       * While it is not in the list we don't need any locking
       */
      if (!(session = ast_calloc(1, sizeof(*session)))) {
         *status = 500;
         goto generic_callback_out;
      }
      session->sin = *remote_address;
      session->fd = -1;
      session->waiting_thread = AST_PTHREADT_NULL;
      session->send_events = 0;
      ast_mutex_init(&session->__lock);
      ast_mutex_lock(&session->__lock);
      session->inuse = 1;
      /*!\note There is approximately a 1 in 1.8E19 chance that the following
       * calculation will produce 0, which is an invalid ID, but due to the
       * properties of the rand() function (and the constantcy of s), that
       * won't happen twice in a row.
       */
      while ((session->managerid = ast_random() ^ (unsigned long) session) == 0);
      session->last_ev = grab_last();
      AST_LIST_HEAD_INIT_NOLOCK(&session->datastores);
      AST_LIST_LOCK(&sessions);
      AST_LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&sessions, session, list);
      ast_atomic_fetchadd_int(&num_sessions, 1);
      AST_LIST_UNLOCK(&sessions);
   }

   s.session = session;

   ast_mutex_unlock(&session->__lock);

   if (!(out = ast_str_create(1024))) {
      *status = 500;
      goto generic_callback_out;
   }

   s.fd = mkstemp(template);  /* create a temporary file for command output */
   unlink(template);
   s.f = fdopen(s.fd, "w+");

   for (x = 0, v = params; v && (x < AST_MAX_MANHEADERS); x++, v = v->next) {
      hdrlen = strlen(v->name) + strlen(v->value) + 3;
      m.headers[m.hdrcount] = alloca(hdrlen);
      snprintf((char *) m.headers[m.hdrcount], hdrlen, "%s: %s", v->name, v->value);
      ast_debug(1, "HTTP Manager add header %s\n", m.headers[m.hdrcount]);
      m.hdrcount = x + 1;
   }

   if (process_message(&s, &m)) {
      if (session->authenticated) {
         if (manager_displayconnects(session)) {
            ast_verb(2, "HTTP Manager '%s' logged off from %s\n", session->username, ast_inet_ntoa(session->sin.sin_addr));
         }
         ast_log(LOG_EVENT, "HTTP Manager '%s' logged off from %s\n", session->username, ast_inet_ntoa(session->sin.sin_addr));
      } else {
         if (displayconnects) {
            ast_verb(2, "HTTP Connect attempt from '%s' unable to authenticate\n", ast_inet_ntoa(session->sin.sin_addr));
         }
         ast_log(LOG_EVENT, "HTTP Failed attempt from %s\n", ast_inet_ntoa(session->sin.sin_addr));
      }
      session->needdestroy = 1;
   }

   ast_str_append(&out, 0,
             "Content-type: text/%s\r\n"
             "Cache-Control: no-cache;\r\n"
             "Set-Cookie: mansession_id=\"%08x\"; Version=1; Max-Age=%d\r\n"
             "Pragma: SuppressEvents\r\n"
             "\r\n",
         contenttype[format],
         session->managerid, httptimeout);

   if (format == FORMAT_XML) {
      ast_str_append(&out, 0, "<ajax-response>\n");
   } else if (format == FORMAT_HTML) {
      /*
       * When handling AMI-over-HTTP in HTML format, we provide a simple form for
       * debugging purposes. This HTML code should not be here, we
       * should read from some config file...
       */

#define ROW_FMT   "<tr><td colspan=\"2\" bgcolor=\"#f1f1ff\">%s</td></tr>\r\n"
#define TEST_STRING \
   "<form action=\"manager\">\n\
   Action: <select name=\"action\">\n\
      <option value=\"\">-----&gt;</option>\n\
      <option value=\"login\">login</option>\n\
      <option value=\"command\">Command</option>\n\
      <option value=\"waitevent\">waitevent</option>\n\
      <option value=\"listcommands\">listcommands</option>\n\
   </select>\n\
   or <input name=\"action\"><br/>\n\
   CLI Command <input name=\"command\"><br>\n\
   user <input name=\"username\"> pass <input type=\"password\" name=\"secret\"><br>\n\
   <input type=\"submit\">\n</form>\n"

      ast_str_append(&out, 0, "<title>Asterisk&trade; Manager Interface</title>");
      ast_str_append(&out, 0, "<body bgcolor=\"#ffffff\"><table align=center bgcolor=\"#f1f1f1\" width=\"500\">\r\n");
      ast_str_append(&out, 0, ROW_FMT, "<h1>Manager Tester</h1>");
      ast_str_append(&out, 0, ROW_FMT, TEST_STRING);
   }

   if (s.f != NULL) {   /* have temporary output */
      char *buf;
      size_t l;

      /* Ensure buffer is NULL-terminated */
      fprintf(s.f, "%c", 0);
      fflush(s.f);

      if ((l = ftell(s.f))) {
         if (MAP_FAILED == (buf = mmap(NULL, l, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE, s.fd, 0))) {
            ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "mmap failed.  Manager output was not processed\n");
         } else {
            buf[l] = '\0';
            if (format == FORMAT_XML || format == FORMAT_HTML) {
               xml_translate(&out, buf, params, format);
            } else {
               ast_str_append(&out, 0, "%s", buf);
            }
            munmap(buf, l);
         }
      } else if (format == FORMAT_XML || format == FORMAT_HTML) {
         xml_translate(&out, "", params, format);
      }
      fclose(s.f);
      s.f = NULL;
      close(s.fd);
      s.fd = -1;
   }

   if (format == FORMAT_XML) {
      ast_str_append(&out, 0, "</ajax-response>\n");
   } else if (format == FORMAT_HTML)
      ast_str_append(&out, 0, "</table></body>\r\n");

   ast_mutex_lock(&session->__lock);
   /* Reset HTTP timeout.  If we're not authenticated, keep it extremely short */
   session->sessiontimeout = time(NULL) + ((session->authenticated || httptimeout < 5) ? httptimeout : 5);

   if (session->needdestroy) {
      if (session->inuse == 1) {
         ast_debug(1, "Need destroy, doing it now!\n");
         blastaway = 1;
      } else {
         ast_debug(1, "Need destroy, but can't do it yet!\n");
         if (session->waiting_thread != AST_PTHREADT_NULL)
            pthread_kill(session->waiting_thread, SIGURG);
         session->inuse--;
      }
   } else
      session->inuse--;
   ast_mutex_unlock(&session->__lock);

   if (blastaway)
      destroy_session(session);
generic_callback_out:
   if (*status != 200)
      return ast_http_error(500, "Server Error", NULL, "Internal Server Error (out of memory)\n");
   return out;
}

static struct ast_str *manager_http_callback(struct ast_tcptls_session_instance *ser, const struct ast_http_uri *urih, const char *uri, enum ast_http_method method, struct ast_variable *params, struct ast_variable *headers, int *status, char **title, int *contentlength)
{
   return generic_http_callback(FORMAT_HTML, &ser->remote_address, uri, method, params, status, title, contentlength);
}

static struct ast_str *mxml_http_callback(struct ast_tcptls_session_instance *ser, const struct ast_http_uri *urih, const char *uri, enum ast_http_method method, struct ast_variable *params, struct ast_variable *headers, int *status, char **title, int *contentlength)
{
   return generic_http_callback(FORMAT_XML, &ser->remote_address, uri, method, params, status, title, contentlength);
}

static struct ast_str *rawman_http_callback(struct ast_tcptls_session_instance *ser, const struct ast_http_uri *urih, const char *uri, enum ast_http_method method, struct ast_variable *params, struct ast_variable *headers, int *status, char **title, int *contentlength)
{
   return generic_http_callback(FORMAT_RAW, &ser->remote_address, uri, method, params, status, title, contentlength);
}

struct ast_http_uri rawmanuri = {
   .description = "Raw HTTP Manager Event Interface",
   .uri = "rawman",
   .callback = rawman_http_callback,
   .supports_get = 1,
   .data = NULL,
   .key = __FILE__,
};

struct ast_http_uri manageruri = {
   .description = "HTML Manager Event Interface",
   .uri = "manager",
   .callback = manager_http_callback,
   .supports_get = 1,
   .data = NULL,
   .key = __FILE__,
};

struct ast_http_uri managerxmluri = {
   .description = "XML Manager Event Interface",
   .uri = "mxml",
   .callback = mxml_http_callback,
   .supports_get = 1,
   .data = NULL,
   .key = __FILE__,
};

static int registered = 0;
static int webregged = 0;

/*! \brief cleanup code called at each iteration of server_root,
 * guaranteed to happen every 5 seconds at most
 */
static void purge_old_stuff(void *data)
{
   purge_sessions(1);
   purge_events();
}

struct ast_tls_config ami_tls_cfg;
static struct ast_tcptls_session_args ami_desc = {
   .accept_fd = -1,
   .master = AST_PTHREADT_NULL,
   .tls_cfg = NULL, 
   .poll_timeout = 5000,   /* wake up every 5 seconds */
   .periodic_fn = purge_old_stuff,
   .name = "AMI server",
   .accept_fn = ast_tcptls_server_root,   /* thread doing the accept() */
   .worker_fn = session_do,   /* thread handling the session */
};

static struct ast_tcptls_session_args amis_desc = {
   .accept_fd = -1,
   .master = AST_PTHREADT_NULL,
   .tls_cfg = &ami_tls_cfg, 
   .poll_timeout = -1,  /* the other does the periodic cleanup */
   .name = "AMI TLS server",
   .accept_fn = ast_tcptls_server_root,   /* thread doing the accept() */
   .worker_fn = session_do,   /* thread handling the session */
};

static int __init_manager(int reload)
{
   struct ast_config *ucfg = NULL, *cfg = NULL;
   const char *val;
   char *cat = NULL;
   int newhttptimeout = DEFAULT_HTTPTIMEOUT;
   int have_sslbindaddr = 0;
   struct hostent *hp;
   struct ast_hostent ahp;
   struct ast_manager_user *user = NULL;
   struct ast_variable *var;
   struct ast_flags config_flags = { reload ? CONFIG_FLAG_FILEUNCHANGED : 0 };
   
   if (!registered) {
      /* Register default actions */
      ast_manager_register2("Ping", 0, action_ping, "Keepalive command", mandescr_ping);
      ast_manager_register2("Events", 0, action_events, "Control Event Flow", mandescr_events);
      ast_manager_register2("Logoff", 0, action_logoff, "Logoff Manager", mandescr_logoff);
      ast_manager_register2("Login", 0, action_login, "Login Manager", NULL);
      ast_manager_register2("Challenge", 0, action_challenge, "Generate Challenge for MD5 Auth", NULL);
      ast_manager_register2("Hangup", EVENT_FLAG_SYSTEM | EVENT_FLAG_CALL, action_hangup, "Hangup Channel", mandescr_hangup);
      ast_manager_register2("Status", EVENT_FLAG_SYSTEM | EVENT_FLAG_CALL | EVENT_FLAG_REPORTING, action_status, "Lists channel status", mandescr_status);
      ast_manager_register2("Setvar", EVENT_FLAG_CALL, action_setvar, "Set Channel Variable", mandescr_setvar);
      ast_manager_register2("Getvar", EVENT_FLAG_CALL | EVENT_FLAG_REPORTING, action_getvar, "Gets a Channel Variable", mandescr_getvar);
      ast_manager_register2("GetConfig", EVENT_FLAG_SYSTEM | EVENT_FLAG_CONFIG, action_getconfig, "Retrieve configuration", mandescr_getconfig);
      ast_manager_register2("GetConfigJSON", EVENT_FLAG_SYSTEM | EVENT_FLAG_CONFIG, action_getconfigjson, "Retrieve configuration (JSON format)", mandescr_getconfigjson);
      ast_manager_register2("UpdateConfig", EVENT_FLAG_CONFIG, action_updateconfig, "Update basic configuration", mandescr_updateconfig);
      ast_manager_register2("CreateConfig", EVENT_FLAG_CONFIG, action_createconfig, "Creates an empty file in the configuration directory", mandescr_createconfig);
      ast_manager_register2("ListCategories", EVENT_FLAG_CONFIG, action_listcategories, "List categories in configuration file", mandescr_listcategories);
      ast_manager_register2("Redirect", EVENT_FLAG_CALL, action_redirect, "Redirect (transfer) a call", mandescr_redirect );
      ast_manager_register2("Atxfer", EVENT_FLAG_CALL, action_atxfer, "Attended transfer", mandescr_atxfer);
      ast_manager_register2("Originate", EVENT_FLAG_ORIGINATE, action_originate, "Originate Call", mandescr_originate);
      ast_manager_register2("Command", EVENT_FLAG_COMMAND, action_command, "Execute Asterisk CLI Command", mandescr_command );
      ast_manager_register2("ExtensionState", EVENT_FLAG_CALL | EVENT_FLAG_REPORTING, action_extensionstate, "Check Extension Status", mandescr_extensionstate );
      ast_manager_register2("AbsoluteTimeout", EVENT_FLAG_SYSTEM | EVENT_FLAG_CALL, action_timeout, "Set Absolute Timeout", mandescr_timeout );
      ast_manager_register2("MailboxStatus", EVENT_FLAG_CALL | EVENT_FLAG_REPORTING, action_mailboxstatus, "Check Mailbox", mandescr_mailboxstatus );
      ast_manager_register2("MailboxCount", EVENT_FLAG_CALL | EVENT_FLAG_REPORTING, action_mailboxcount, "Check Mailbox Message Count", mandescr_mailboxcount );
      ast_manager_register2("ListCommands", 0, action_listcommands, "List available manager commands", mandescr_listcommands);
      ast_manager_register2("SendText", EVENT_FLAG_CALL, action_sendtext, "Send text message to channel", mandescr_sendtext);
      ast_manager_register2("UserEvent", EVENT_FLAG_USER, action_userevent, "Send an arbitrary event", mandescr_userevent);
      ast_manager_register2("WaitEvent", 0, action_waitevent, "Wait for an event to occur", mandescr_waitevent);
      ast_manager_register2("CoreSettings", EVENT_FLAG_SYSTEM | EVENT_FLAG_REPORTING, action_coresettings, "Show PBX core settings (version etc)", mandescr_coresettings);
      ast_manager_register2("CoreStatus", EVENT_FLAG_SYSTEM | EVENT_FLAG_REPORTING, action_corestatus, "Show PBX core status variables", mandescr_corestatus);
      ast_manager_register2("Reload", EVENT_FLAG_CONFIG | EVENT_FLAG_SYSTEM, action_reload, "Send a reload event", mandescr_reload);
      ast_manager_register2("CoreShowChannels", EVENT_FLAG_SYSTEM | EVENT_FLAG_REPORTING, action_coreshowchannels, "List currently active channels", mandescr_coreshowchannels);
      ast_manager_register2("ModuleLoad", EVENT_FLAG_SYSTEM, manager_moduleload, "Module management", mandescr_moduleload);
      ast_manager_register2("ModuleCheck", EVENT_FLAG_SYSTEM, manager_modulecheck, "Check if module is loaded", mandescr_modulecheck);

      ast_cli_register_multiple(cli_manager, ARRAY_LEN(cli_manager));
      ast_extension_state_add(NULL, NULL, manager_state_cb, NULL);
      registered = 1;
      /* Append placeholder event so master_eventq never runs dry */
      append_event("Event: Placeholder\r\n\r\n", 0);
   }
   if ((cfg = ast_config_load2("manager.conf", "manager", config_flags)) == CONFIG_STATUS_FILEUNCHANGED)
      return 0;

   manager_enabled = DEFAULT_ENABLED;
   webmanager_enabled = DEFAULT_WEBENABLED;
   displayconnects = DEFAULT_DISPLAYCONNECTS;
   broken_events_action = DEFAULT_BROKENEVENTSACTION;
   block_sockets = DEFAULT_BLOCKSOCKETS;
   timestampevents = DEFAULT_TIMESTAMPEVENTS;
   httptimeout = DEFAULT_HTTPTIMEOUT;
   authtimeout = DEFAULT_AUTHTIMEOUT;
   authlimit = DEFAULT_AUTHLIMIT;

   if (!cfg || cfg == CONFIG_STATUS_FILEINVALID) {
      ast_log(LOG_NOTICE, "Unable to open AMI configuration manager.conf, or configuration is invalid. Asterisk management interface (AMI) disabled.\n");
      return 0;
   }

   /* default values */
   memset(&ami_desc.local_address, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
   memset(&amis_desc.local_address, 0, sizeof(amis_desc.local_address));
   amis_desc.local_address.sin_port = htons(5039);
   ami_desc.local_address.sin_port = htons(DEFAULT_MANAGER_PORT);

   ami_tls_cfg.enabled = 0;
   if (ami_tls_cfg.certfile)
      ast_free(ami_tls_cfg.certfile);
   ami_tls_cfg.certfile = ast_strdup(AST_CERTFILE);
   if (ami_tls_cfg.cipher)
      ast_free(ami_tls_cfg.cipher);
   ami_tls_cfg.cipher = ast_strdup("");

   for (var = ast_variable_browse(cfg, "general"); var; var = var->next) {
      val = var->value;
      if (!strcasecmp(var->name, "sslenable"))
         ami_tls_cfg.enabled = ast_true(val);
      else if (!strcasecmp(var->name, "sslbindport"))
         amis_desc.local_address.sin_port = htons(atoi(val));
      else if (!strcasecmp(var->name, "sslbindaddr")) {
         if ((hp = ast_gethostbyname(val, &ahp))) {
            memcpy(&amis_desc.local_address.sin_addr, hp->h_addr, sizeof(amis_desc.local_address.sin_addr));
            have_sslbindaddr = 1;
         } else {
            ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "Invalid bind address '%s'\n", val);
         }
      } else if (!strcasecmp(var->name, "sslcert")) {
         ast_free(ami_tls_cfg.certfile);
         ami_tls_cfg.certfile = ast_strdup(val);
      } else if (!strcasecmp(var->name, "sslcipher")) {
         ast_free(ami_tls_cfg.cipher);
         ami_tls_cfg.cipher = ast_strdup(val);
      } else if (!strcasecmp(var->name, "enabled")) {
         manager_enabled = ast_true(val);
      } else if (!strcasecmp(var->name, "block-sockets")) {
         block_sockets = ast_true(val);
      } else if (!strcasecmp(var->name, "webenabled")) {
         webmanager_enabled = ast_true(val);
      } else if (!strcasecmp(var->name, "port")) {
         ami_desc.local_address.sin_port = htons(atoi(val));
      } else if (!strcasecmp(var->name, "bindaddr")) {
         if (!inet_aton(val, &ami_desc.local_address.sin_addr)) {
            ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "Invalid address '%s' specified, using 0.0.0.0\n", val);
            memset(&ami_desc.local_address.sin_addr, 0, sizeof(ami_desc.local_address.sin_addr));
         }
      } else if (!strcasecmp(var->name, "brokeneventsaction")) {
         broken_events_action = ast_true(val);
      } else if (!strcasecmp(var->name, "allowmultiplelogin")) { 
         allowmultiplelogin = ast_true(val);
      } else if (!strcasecmp(var->name, "displayconnects")) {
         displayconnects = ast_true(val);
      } else if (!strcasecmp(var->name, "timestampevents")) {
         timestampevents = ast_true(val);
      } else if (!strcasecmp(var->name, "debug")) {
         manager_debug = ast_true(val);
      } else if (!strcasecmp(var->name, "httptimeout")) {
         newhttptimeout = atoi(val);
      } else if (!strcasecmp(var->name, "authtimeout")) {
         int timeout = atoi(var->value);

         if (timeout < 1) {
            ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "Invalid authtimeout value '%s', using default value\n", var->value);
         } else {
            authtimeout = timeout;
         }
      } else if (!strcasecmp(var->name, "authlimit")) {
         int limit = atoi(var->value);

         if (limit < 1) {
            ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "Invalid authlimit value '%s', using default value\n", var->value);
         } else {
            authlimit = limit;
         }
      } else {
         ast_log(LOG_NOTICE, "Invalid keyword <%s> = <%s> in manager.conf [general]\n",
            var->name, val);
      }  
   }

   if (manager_enabled)
      ami_desc.local_address.sin_family = AF_INET;
   if (!have_sslbindaddr)
      amis_desc.local_address.sin_addr = ami_desc.local_address.sin_addr;
   if (ami_tls_cfg.enabled)
      amis_desc.local_address.sin_family = AF_INET;

   
   AST_RWLIST_WRLOCK(&users);

   /* First, get users from users.conf */
   ucfg = ast_config_load2("users.conf", "manager", config_flags);
   if (ucfg && (ucfg != CONFIG_STATUS_FILEUNCHANGED) && ucfg != CONFIG_STATUS_FILEINVALID) {
      const char *hasmanager;
      int genhasmanager = ast_true(ast_variable_retrieve(ucfg, "general", "hasmanager"));

      while ((cat = ast_category_browse(ucfg, cat))) {
         if (!strcasecmp(cat, "general"))
            continue;
         
         hasmanager = ast_variable_retrieve(ucfg, cat, "hasmanager");
         if ((!hasmanager && genhasmanager) || ast_true(hasmanager)) {
            const char *user_secret = ast_variable_retrieve(ucfg, cat, "secret");
            const char *user_read = ast_variable_retrieve(ucfg, cat, "read");
            const char *user_write = ast_variable_retrieve(ucfg, cat, "write");
            const char *user_displayconnects = ast_variable_retrieve(ucfg, cat, "displayconnects");
            const char *user_writetimeout = ast_variable_retrieve(ucfg, cat, "writetimeout");
            
            /* Look for an existing entry,
             * if none found - create one and add it to the list
             */
            if (!(user = get_manager_by_name_locked(cat))) {
               if (!(user = ast_calloc(1, sizeof(*user))))
                  break;

               /* Copy name over */
               ast_copy_string(user->username, cat, sizeof(user->username));
               /* Insert into list */
               AST_LIST_INSERT_TAIL(&users, user, list);
               user->ha = NULL;
               user->keep = 1;
               user->readperm = -1;
               user->writeperm = -1;
               /* Default displayconnect from [general] */
               user->displayconnects = displayconnects;
               user->writetimeout = 100;
            }

            if (!user_secret)
               user_secret = ast_variable_retrieve(ucfg, "general", "secret");
            if (!user_read)
               user_read = ast_variable_retrieve(ucfg, "general", "read");
            if (!user_write)
               user_write = ast_variable_retrieve(ucfg, "general", "write");
            if (!user_displayconnects)
               user_displayconnects = ast_variable_retrieve(ucfg, "general", "displayconnects");
            if (!user_writetimeout)
               user_writetimeout = ast_variable_retrieve(ucfg, "general", "writetimeout");

            if (!ast_strlen_zero(user_secret)) {
               if (user->secret)
                  ast_free(user->secret);
               user->secret = ast_strdup(user_secret);
            }

            if (user_read)
               user->readperm = get_perm(user_read);
            if (user_write)
               user->writeperm = get_perm(user_write);
            if (user_displayconnects)
               user->displayconnects = ast_true(user_displayconnects);

            if (user_writetimeout) {
               int value = atoi(user_writetimeout);
               if (value < 100)
                  ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "Invalid writetimeout value '%s' at users.conf line %d\n", var->value, var->lineno);
               else
                  user->writetimeout = value;
            }
         }
      }
      ast_config_destroy(ucfg);
   }

   /* cat is NULL here in any case */

   while ((cat = ast_category_browse(cfg, cat))) {
      struct ast_ha *oldha;

      if (!strcasecmp(cat, "general"))
         continue;

      /* Look for an existing entry, if none found - create one and add it to the list */
      if (!(user = get_manager_by_name_locked(cat))) {
         if (!(user = ast_calloc(1, sizeof(*user))))
            break;
         /* Copy name over */
         ast_copy_string(user->username, cat, sizeof(user->username));

         user->ha = NULL;
         user->readperm = 0;
         user->writeperm = 0;
         /* Default displayconnect from [general] */
         user->displayconnects = displayconnects;
         user->writetimeout = 100;

         /* Insert into list */
         AST_RWLIST_INSERT_TAIL(&users, user, list);
      }

      /* Make sure we keep this user and don't destroy it during cleanup */
      user->keep = 1;
      oldha = user->ha;
      user->ha = NULL;

      var = ast_variable_browse(cfg, cat);
      for (; var; var = var->next) {
         if (!strcasecmp(var->name, "secret")) {
            if (user->secret)
               ast_free(user->secret);
            user->secret = ast_strdup(var->value);
         } else if (!strcasecmp(var->name, "deny") ||
                   !strcasecmp(var->name, "permit")) {
            user->ha = ast_append_ha(var->name, var->value, user->ha, NULL);
         }  else if (!strcasecmp(var->name, "read") ) {
            user->readperm = get_perm(var->value);
         }  else if (!strcasecmp(var->name, "write") ) {
            user->writeperm = get_perm(var->value);
         }  else if (!strcasecmp(var->name, "displayconnects") ) {
            user->displayconnects = ast_true(var->value);
         } else if (!strcasecmp(var->name, "writetimeout")) {
            int value = atoi(var->value);
            if (value < 100)
               ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "Invalid writetimeout value '%s' at line %d\n", var->value, var->lineno);
            else
               user->writetimeout = value;
         } else
            ast_debug(1, "%s is an unknown option.\n", var->name);
      }
      ast_free_ha(oldha);
   }
   ast_config_destroy(cfg);

   /* Perform cleanup - essentially prune out old users that no longer exist */
   AST_RWLIST_TRAVERSE_SAFE_BEGIN(&users, user, list) {
      if (user->keep) { /* valid record. clear flag for the next round */
         user->keep = 0;
         continue;
      }
      /* We do not need to keep this user so take them out of the list */
      AST_RWLIST_REMOVE_CURRENT(list);
      /* Free their memory now */
      if (user->secret)
         ast_free(user->secret);
      ast_free_ha(user->ha);
      ast_free(user);
   }
   AST_RWLIST_TRAVERSE_SAFE_END;

   AST_RWLIST_UNLOCK(&users);

   if (webmanager_enabled && manager_enabled) {
      if (!webregged) {
         ast_http_uri_link(&rawmanuri);
         ast_http_uri_link(&manageruri);
         ast_http_uri_link(&managerxmluri);
         webregged = 1;
      }
   } else {
      if (webregged) {
         ast_http_uri_unlink(&rawmanuri);
         ast_http_uri_unlink(&manageruri);
         ast_http_uri_unlink(&managerxmluri);
         webregged = 0;
      }
   }

   if (newhttptimeout > 0)
      httptimeout = newhttptimeout;

   manager_event(EVENT_FLAG_SYSTEM, "Reload", "Module: Manager\r\nStatus: %s\r\nMessage: Manager reload Requested\r\n", manager_enabled ? "Enabled" : "Disabled");

   ast_tcptls_server_start(&ami_desc);
   if (ast_ssl_setup(amis_desc.tls_cfg))
      ast_tcptls_server_start(&amis_desc);
   return 0;
}

int init_manager(void)
{
   return __init_manager(0);
}

int reload_manager(void)
{
   return __init_manager(1);
}

int astman_datastore_add(struct mansession *s, struct ast_datastore *datastore)
{
   AST_LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&s->session->datastores, datastore, entry);

   return 0;
}

int astman_datastore_remove(struct mansession *s, struct ast_datastore *datastore)
{
   return AST_LIST_REMOVE(&s->session->datastores, datastore, entry) ? 0 : -1;
}

struct ast_datastore *astman_datastore_find(struct mansession *s, const struct ast_datastore_info *info, const char *uid)
{
   struct ast_datastore *datastore = NULL;
   
   if (info == NULL)
      return NULL;

   AST_LIST_TRAVERSE_SAFE_BEGIN(&s->session->datastores, datastore, entry) {
      if (datastore->info != info) {
         continue;
      }

      if (uid == NULL) {
         /* matched by type only */
         break;
      }

      if ((datastore->uid != NULL) && !strcasecmp(uid, datastore->uid)) {
         /* Matched by type AND uid */
         break;
      }
   }
   AST_LIST_TRAVERSE_SAFE_END;

   return datastore;
}